Effects of Long-term Fertilization on Grain Quality of Summer Maize

Jintao Liu,Bin Liang,Guangkai Zhang,Shutang Liu,Mingzhang Yuan

doi:10.19026/ajfst.11.2350

Abstract

To study the effect of non-calcareous fluvo-aquic soil long-term fertilization on grain quality of summer maize to improve the nutritional grain quality of summer maize. The use of began in 1978 Laiyang non-calcareous fluvo-aquic soil long-term experiment in 2003, 2013 summer maize grain and determination of the grain quality of summer maize in the main indicators of protein, starch, crude fat, etc. and the necessary of summer maize grain under different fertilizer amino acids in hierarchical clustering analysis. The study have shown that different long-term fertilization experiment, The M2N2 of grain protein content was the highest, in 2003 and 2013 respectively is 9.01 and 10.21%; the M2N2 of crude fat content was the highest, respectively is 4.95 and 5.35%; In fertilization treatment, the M2 of starch content was the highest, respectively 68.55 and 69.58%; amino acid content of grain between 5.45-9.57% in 2013,the content of amino acid in the grain between 4.81-8.65% in 2003, all M2N2 of amino acid content was the highest. In 17 kinds of amino acids, glutamic acid content was the highest, in 2003 and 2013 the average content of glutamic acid were respectively 1.32 and 1.57%; the variation degree of tyrosine was the biggest, the coefficient of variation were 54.48, 50.60%; analysis of seed of 17 kinds of amino acids in hierarchical clustering, the 2013 can be grouped into 3 categories, 2003 was grouped into 4 categories. The results showed that long-term different organic fertilizer and their treatment with nitrogen on different effects on grain quality of summer maize; organic fertilizer can help to improve grain quality of summer maize and nitrogen is an effective method to improve the maize grain protein, amino acid content.

Highlights

Compared with the conventional experiment, longterm fertilization experiment have advantages in lasting and climate representative, the data provided an important role for solve many problems both in theory and practice (Zhao and Zhang, 2002)
Single organic fertilizer to make summer maize grain protein significantly increased from 25.5 to 45.9%; compared with single organic fertilizer, the same amount of organic chemical nitrogen fertilizers to make summer maize grain protein content increased significantly in 2003 and 2013 an increase of 11.8~26.4% and 7.7~17.8%; at the same level of inputs of organic fertilizer, high-volume processing of chemical nitrogen into protein content is higher than the amount of chemical fertilizer inputs low processing, improving from 4.3 to 10.6%; in nitrogen, etc
Application of organic nutrient content because of long-term different fertilizer can improve the quality of summer maize, fertilization in two years

Summary

Introduction

Compared with the conventional experiment, longterm fertilization experiment have advantages in lasting and climate representative, the data provided an important role for solve many problems both in theory and practice (Zhao and Zhang, 2002). Maize grain contain 8-10% protein, 4-5% fat, 70-75% starch, 1-2% sugar and amount of cellulose, mineral and vitamin. The main quality characters is protein, amino acid, the crude fat, starch. The quality of Maize has very big relations with the harvest time besides influenced by varieties, environment, cultivation technology and other factors (Ma et al, 2007; Wu et al, 2008). The harvest time of maize is generally during the period of the maize largest output and the best quality (Herrmann et al., 2005). The research shows that summer maize delayed harvest, yield increased, significantly affected the grain quality of maize at the same time (Zhang et al, 2010; Liu et al, 2010)

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Conclusion