Abstract
The aim of the present in vivo study was to analyze and compare the effects on the crestal bone healing of two different implant macrogeometries installed in fresh socket areas and in normal bone areas with different insertion torque values. Two implant macrogeometries were used in the present study, DuoCone implant (DC) and Maestro implant (MAE), forming four groups: group DCws, in which the implants were installed in healing bone (without a socket); group DCfs, in which the implants were installed in post-extraction areas (fresh sockets); group MAEws, in which the implants were installed in healing bone (without a socket); group MAEfs, in which the implants were installed in post-extraction areas (fresh sockets). After 30 and 90 days of implantations in the bilateral mandibles of 10 sheep, eighty implants were evaluated through digital X-ray images and histologic slices. The crestal bone position in relation to the implant platform shoulder was measured and compared. The measured insertion torque was 47.2 ± 4.69 Ncm for the DCws group, 43.4 ± 4.87 Ncm for the DCfs group, 29.3 ± 3.16 Ncm for the MAEws group, and 27.7 ± 4.41 Ncm for the MAEfs group. The radiographic mesio-distal and histological bucco-lingual analyses showed significantly greater vertical bone loss in the implants installed with high torque (DC groups) in comparison to the implants installed with a low torque (MAE groups) (p < 0.05), at both evaluation times. In general, low insertion torque values (Maestro implants) showed better results of MBL when compared to implants installed with higher torque values (Duo Cone implants). Moreover, our results showed that the implants installed in the sites without sockets showed a less MBL in comparison with the implants installed in sites of fresh sockets.
Highlights
The aim of the present in vivo study was to analyze and compare the effects on the crestal bone healing of two different implant macrogeometries installed in fresh socket areas and in normal bone areas with different insertion torque values
Our results showed a different behavior in the healing process of the crestal bone portion for the two tested implant macrogeometries and for both proposed conditions
Within the limitations of the present study, the findings showed that, vertical bone remodeling can be observed around all of the implants in both tested sites, the insertion torque is an important factor that should be considered during implant installation
Summary
The aim of the present in vivo study was to analyze and compare the effects on the crestal bone healing of two different implant macrogeometries installed in fresh socket areas and in normal bone areas with different insertion torque values. In a study of 123 edentulous bone samples, Pietrovsky et al.[7] demonstrated that the resorption pattern after tooth extraction is highly dependent on the alveolar process In this sense, some authors have suggested that the placement of implants in areas of recent extraction could preserve the dimension of the alveolar r idge[8,9]. Scarano et al.[22] showed that the elevated insertion torque values produce pain and resorption of the crestal bone around the implants Taking these concepts into account, some authors have proposed changes between the osteotomy dimension and the implant diameter, that is, a drill size that is closer to the external diameter of the implant threads, decreasing the insertion torque and, the compression of the bone tissue around the implant, avoiding undesirable bone effects[23,24]. Recent studies have shown that the implant placement torque can influence the response of peri-implant tissues, with regard to the levels of osseointegration and the pattern of remodeling of the marginal crestal bone[25,26]
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