Effects of indole acetic acid (IAA) hormone and bitter apple extract on growth development and nutrient content of mung bean plant in vitro

Abstract

Mung bean is an important bean crop in Arab region and other Asian Countries. It is used as different kinds of food sources. The objective of the experiment was to investigate the effect of bitter apple (Handal) extract and plant hormone [indole-3 acetic acid (IAA)] on the growth, development and nutrient content of mung bean (Vigna radiata) plant In vitro. Handal fruits were ground with motor and pestle by adding 30 ml distilled water. Then extract was filtered and kept it in the refrigerator. Four replicates were made from fruit sample. 50ppm Indole 3-Acitic Acid was chosen as auxin. Germination percentage was found higher in the IAA (50ppm) treated plant followed by water control, fruit extract and leaf extract. The lowest germination rate was found in the leaf extract treated plant. However, the shoot and leaf growth (length) were higher in the leaf extract treated plant than other like fruit extract, IAA 50ppm and water control treatments. Root length was higher in the IAA treated plant than that of other treatments. Moreover, nutrient content like K and NO3 was found higher in the leaf treated plant compared to other treatment followed by fruit extract, IAA 50ppm and water control treatment. The results conclude that IAA (auxin like hormone) was the best for germination and root growth and leaf and fruit extract were the best for shoot and leaf growth of mung bean plant.