Abstract
With the intensification of global warming, rice production is facing new challenges. Field evidence indicates that elevated temperature during rice grain-filling leads to the further deterioration of grain quality. In order to clarify the potential regulatory mechanism of elevated temperature on the formation of rice quality, the DIA mass spectrometry method under the background of field warming was conducted to investigate the regulatory effects of high temperature on grain development and material accumulation pathways. The results showed that a total of 840 differentially expressed proteins were identified during the grain-filling process under elevated temperature. These differentially expressed proteins participated in carbon metabolism, amino acid biosynthesis, signal transduction, protein synthesis, and alternately affected the material accumulation of rice grains. The significant up-regulation of PPROL 14E, PSB28, granule-bound starch synthase I, and the significant down-regulation of 26.7 kDa heat shock protein would lead to the component difference in grain starch and storage proteins, and that could be responsible for the degradation of rice quality under elevated temperature. Results suggested that proteins specifically expressed under elevated temperature could be the key candidates for elucidating the potential regulatory mechanism of warming on rice development and quality formation. In-depth study on the metabolism of storage compounds would be contributed in further proposing high-quality cultivation control measures suitable for climate warming.
Highlights
With the improvement of people’s living standards, high-quality rice is more preferred by the rice production and consumption market
Based on the field evidence, warming during grainfilling stage led to the overall deterioration in the appearance quality of rice and elevated temperature had a significant negative effect on rice milling quality
In order to realistically simulate the characteristics of global warming, the free-air temperature enhancement (FATE) facility was installed in the actual paddy field to perform the warming scenarios during the rice grain-filling process
Summary
With the improvement of people’s living standards, high-quality rice is more preferred by the rice production and consumption market. With the rapid development of industrialization, human activities are estimated to have caused ∼1.0◦C of global warming above pre-industrial levels (IPCC, 2018). Warming on Rice Quality Formation (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), it is estimated that the global temperature is expected to be raised by 1.4– 5.8◦C in 2100 (IPCC, 2014). The increase in temperature have led to the significant increase in chalkiness and the decrease in milling quality of rice, which extremely reduces the purchase expectations and market value of rice (Dou et al, 2017). Exploring the response mechanism of rice quality under climate change is of great significance for guiding the production of high-quality rice in the future
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