Abstract
The performance and syntrophic metabolism of the Anaerobic Membrane Bio-reactor (AnMBR) treating high-lipid kitchen waste slurry under different sludge cycle frequencies were investigated in this study. When the sludge cycle frequencies were 3.6 cycles/h, 9.0 cycles/h and 14.4 cycles/h, the obtained Organic Loading Rates (OLRs) were 10.3 kg-COD/m3d, 12.4 kg-COD/m3d and 18.1 kg-COD/m3d, while the corresponding biogas productions were 190 L/d, 310 L/d and 520 L/d. Moreover, with an increase of sludge cycle frequency, the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) removal efficiency improved from 86.2% to 90.4% and 96.3%. Additionally, the higher sludge cycle frequency did not break up the sludge flocs and further affect the syntrophic degradation of the toxic Long-Chain Fatty Acids (LCFAs). Conversely, the higher sludge cycle frequency enhanced LCFA degradation and decreased LCFA accumulation. Meanwhile, under higher sludge cycle frequencies, the abundance of syntrophic Methanobacterium, Syntrophomonas and Clostridium increased and favored the syntrophic metabolism of LCFAs.
Highlights
Many processing industries, for example, bioethanol production from corn, dairy foods processing, animal slaughtering and meat processing, produce a large amount of high strength waste waters/slurries which are characterized by high lipid contents [1,2,3,4]
Reactor performances and stability under different sludge cycle frequencies (S1, S2 and S3) were compared by the obtained Organic Loading Rates (OLRs), Volatile Fatty Acids (VFAs) concentrations, pH value, biogas production, percentage of methane in the biogas, effluent Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and the parameter value VFAs/alkalinity [33]. It could be determined whether the reactor was stable and the OLR could be improved according to the value of VFAs/alkalinity
This study investigated the performance and syntrophic metabolism of the Anaerobic Membrane Bio-reactor (AnMBR) treating high-lipid kitchen waste slurry under different sludge cycle frequencies, i.e., 3.6 cycles/h, 9.0 cycles/h and 14.4 cycles/h
Summary
For example, bioethanol production from corn, dairy foods processing, animal slaughtering and meat processing, produce a large amount of high strength waste waters/slurries which are characterized by high lipid contents [1,2,3,4]. The raw oil is further refined into biodiesel and the solid waste is used for humus soil cultivation [5] In this process, the produced kitchen waste slurry, together with these high lipid waste waters/slurries encourage the growth of microorganisms and promote the spread of diseases if they enter the environment, since they contain high concentrations of organic matter [6,7]. Their hydrolysis products, Long-Chain Fatty Acids (LCFAs), present an Energies 2019, 12, 2673; doi:10.3390/en12142673 www.mdpi.com/journal/energies
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