Abstract
The Goldak’s double-ellipsoid volumetric heat source model is commonly used for arc welding in numerical simulation. Usually, heat source geometric parameters and arc efficiency need to be calibrated in thermal analysis until a good agreement with experiments is achieved. However, the influence of individual heat source geometric parameters and arc efficiency on welding temperature field, residual stress, and distortion is still unclear. In this study, this influence has been systematically investigated in a thin-plate full-penetration weld by methods of both numerical simulation and experimental method. The predicted and measured results indicate that the location of HAZ boundary and the Δt8/5 time can only be influenced by arc efficiency (significantly) and heat source width (slightly) in thin-plate full-penetration welds. Furthermore, the variation of arc efficiency can significantly affect welding residual stress and distortion, while the reasonable change of heat source geometric parameters has a slight effect. In this study, a calibration procedure of heat input model in FE simulation of thin-plate full-penetration welds is provided.
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