Abstract
The ginsenoside Rg1 is the most abundant compound in ginseng. Recent studies showed that Rg1 had neuroprotective effects on neuronal cells. The present study was to prepare Rg1-loaded alginate-chitosan microspheres and research the effects of microspheres on human bone marrow (BM) stromal cells (hBMSC). The alginate-chitosan microspheres were prepared by mechanical emulsification technique in combination with ion (Ca2+) and chitosan solidification. Subsequently, the microspheres were employed to load Rg1 ginseng extracts. The microspheres had a smooth surface and were spherical in shape. The average diameter of the microspheres was 3.95 µm. The loading efficiency was approximately 2.12%. The purity of isolated hBMSC was over 98.8%. Rg1-loaded microspheres could promote hBMSC proliferation and differentiation. Meanwhile, Rg1-loaded microspheres could also suppress hBMSC apoptosis induced by hypoxia-reoxygenation. In conclusion, these loaded microspheres may be used in the research of neuroprotective effects of Rg1.
Highlights
Ginseng is one of the most common medicinal plants used in China for thousands of years to produce various pharmacological and biological effects
Our study aimed to find the potential role of The ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1)-loaded alginate-chitosan microspheres, which would lay an important experimental foundation for their clinical application
We found that Rg1 could promote hBMSC proliferation and differentiation, and suppress hBMSC apoptosis induced by hypoxia-reoxygenation
Summary
Ginseng is one of the most common medicinal plants used in China for thousands of years to produce various pharmacological and biological effects. The most important components contributing to its multiple medicinal properties are the ginsenosides [1]. The previous studies reported that ginsenosides had neuroprotective effects on central nervous system disorders and neuronal diseases [2,3]. Lee et al [4] found that cognitive behavior in patients with Alzheimer’s disease was improved by ginseng powder. Ginseng extract prevented the development of locomotion deficits in patients with Parkinson’s disease [5]. Over 150 kinds of ginsenosides have been isolated from roots, stems, flowers, leaves and even fruits of the ginseng species [6,7]. Ginsenoside Rg1, a steroid-like structure with the sugar moieties modification, is one of the most active components of Panaxatriol saponins
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