Effects of Genotype, Sowing Time and Seed Fungicide Pre-Treatments on Root and Crown Rot and Grain Yield in Bread Wheat

Abstract

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of sowing time, cultivar and seed fungicide applications on root and crown rot disease and grain yield of bread wheat with different earliness traits (Esperia, mid-early; Genesi, late and Anapo, early) in the experiment station of the Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University. Four different fungicides pre-treatments (prothioconazole + tebuconazole, carboxin + thiram, prochloraz + tiriticonazole and control) were applied to the seeds of the varieties before sowing in three different times, on 1 November, 15 November and 30 November 2016. The experiment was designed as a split-split-plot with 3 replications. The results of the variance analysis showed that the effect of applying different seed fungicide pre-treatment root and crown rot of bread wheat varieties was statistically significant. Prothioconazole + tebuconazole application caused the lowest root and crown rot with 2.714 %, followed by prochloraz + tiriticonazole with 3.31%. The highest root and crown rot was determined with a value of 3.64% for the earliest sowing on 01 November. Among the four different fungicide pre-treatments, the highest root and crown rot (5.59%) was obtained in the control application, while the lowest root and crown rot was obtained in prothioconazole + tebuconazole, carboxin + thiram and prochloraz + triticonazole, with 1.96%, 2.10% and 2.89% root and crown rot, respectively. These data indicate that early sowing may increase root and crown rot severity.