Abstract
Phase conjugation by degenerate frequency mixing (DFM) in saturable amplifiers, including the effects of pump depletion, a non-zero incident probe wave intensity and saturated gain of all waves in the nonlinear medium, is analyzed numerically. Plane wave DFM reflectivities greater than unity are predicted, even in the presence of pump depletion, for sufficiently large amplifier gains. At a given level of incident probe-wave intensity the DFM reflectivity approaches its weak probe-wave value at sufficiently large incident pump intensities, but deviates from these values at lower pump intensities. Conditions are established under which the DFM reflectivity is effectively independent of the incident probe-wave intensity even when the incident pump intensity is smaller than that of the incident probe wave. Under these conditions the system holds the potential for faithful conjugation using pump waves that are considerably weaker than the probe waves being conjugated. The results also predict that under certain conditions, the intensity of the backward-generated wave can be larger than either the incident probe wave or the incident pump wave.
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