Abstract
Due to the complexity of low-altitude atmospheric channel conditions, the commercial application of FSO communication systems is less prevalent than satellite applications. This is mainly because there is a trade-off between achieving system stability through active compensation technology and maintaining low costs. Different application scenarios and atmospheric channel states correspond to different optimal structural parameter selections, which is crucial for low-cost FSO systems without complex compensation mechanisms. Therefore, measuring actual channel conditions is essential. One existing issue is that current research does not sufficiently discuss the connection between theoretical analysis and practical experiments in FSO communication, thus, establishing models and analysis methods is necessary that can accurately predict the performance of actual FSO atmospheric communication systems. We have developed a comprehensive FSO model to evaluate the effects of channel and structural factors on system performance. This model is vital for cost-effective parameter selection in system design and for analyzing actual system performance. Additionally, we established 6.6 km and 12.7 km FSO transmission links in an urban low-altitude environment. Subsequently, we conducted tests on atmospheric attenuation, channel statistical characteristics, and DPSK/QPSK coherent communication performance. Based on the analysis that combines experiments with theory, we have deduced the atmospheric attenuation of FSO links. The channel statistical characteristics provided the statistical properties of the two links under weak, moderate, and strong turbulence, along with fitting curves. Long-term channel statistical experiments indicate that the channel is most stable during the early morning hours of the day, and the 12.7 km communication experiment without turbulence correction technology is only feasible at this time. Furthermore, we presented a method for using theory to evaluate the performance of actual FSO systems in random atmospheric channels.
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