Effects of Different Planting Years of Dendrocalamus brandisii on Soil Fungal Community

Abstract

To explore the effect of soil fungal community under different planting years in Dendrocalamus brandisii, the soil samples from D. brandisii with different planting years (5, 10, 20, and 40 a) were taken as the research object. The soil fungal community structure, diversity, and its functional groups of different planting years were analyzed using high-throughput sequencing technology and the FUNGuild fungal function prediction tool, and the main soil environmental factors influencing the variations in soil fungal community were examined. The results showed that the dominant fungal communities at the phylum level were Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Mortierellomycota, and Mucoromycota. The relative abundance of Mortierellomycota decreased and then increased with the increase in planting years, and there was a significant difference among different planting years (P<0.05). The dominant fungal communities at the class level were Sordariomycetes, Agaricomycetes, Eurotiomycetes, and Mortierellomycetes. The relative abundance of Sordariomycetes and Dothideomycetes decreased and then increased with the increase in planting years, and there were significant differences among different planting years (P<0.01). The Richness index and Shannon index of soil fungi increased and then decreased with the increase in planting years, and the Richness index and Shannon index in 10 a were significantly higher than those of other planting years. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) and analysis of similarities (ANOSIM) showed that there were significant differences in soil fungal community structure with different planting years. The functional prediction with FUNGuild showed that the main functional trophic types of soil fungi in D. brandisii were pathotroph, symbiotroph, and saprotroph, and the most dominant functional group was endophyte-litter saprotroph-soil saprotroph-undefined saprotroph. The relative abundance of endophytes gradually increased with the increase in planting years. Correlation analysis showed that pH, total potassium (TK), and nitrate nitrogen (NO-3-N) were the main soil environmental factors affecting the change in fungal community. In summary, the planting year of D. brandisii has changed soil environmental factors and has thus changed the structure, diversity, and functional groups of soil fungal communities.