Abstract
Spring wheat plants were grown in pots at three CO2 concentrations (350, 550 and 700 ppm) and three soil water levels (40, 60 and 80% of field water capacity) in field open top chambers and were infested with bird cherry-oat aphids (Rhopalosiphum padi Linnaeus). Aphid population dynamics were recorded throughout the growing season and analysis of the chemical composition of spring wheat leaves was conducted at the same time. Results showed that: (1) Aphid populations increased with raised atmospheric CO2 concentrations. (2) The aphid populations showed different responses to different CO2 concentrations. The population size, population growth rate and population density found under the 350 ppm CO2 treatment was far less than those recorded under the 550 and 700 ppm CO2 treatments. The population size, population growth rate and population density recorded under the 700 ppm CO2 treatment was slightly higher than those recorded under the 550 ppm CO2 treatment. (3) The effect of CO2 concentration on the aphid population was correlated with soil water level. The highest aphid population size was achieved under the 60% soil water treatment. (4) Atmospheric CO2 and soil moisture had significant effects on the chemical composition of the wheat leaves. (5) Aphid population size correlated positively with the concentration of leaf water content, soluble proteins, soluble carbohydrates and starch, while correlating negatively with the concentration of DIMBOA and tannin.
Highlights
The experiment consisted of nine ttrioeantsm(e7n0t0s, w55it0hafnadct3o5ri0alppcomm) bainndattihornese osof itlhwreaeteCrOle2veclosn(c8e0n,tr6a0 and 40% of field water capacity, FWC)
Nine OTCf were used in the Fea7xv0Wpe0reCarp,gimpewmeoenrftCes3:O5at20hp.rpepTleiphemwdre)ie,ttohtshaoermiealecbhwiweancitthtehaCrm5Ol5be20vecre.polspn,Hmceo8ns0Ctt%rOap,t2liao6ann0nts%ds(teahaersdneesdeasw4wo0eni%rtahel sown in plastic pots, and there were six pots for each treatment: three were assigned for the record of aphid population dynamics and three for the analysis of plant chemical composition
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Summary
AboAuttm30o%sphsienrcice tCheOb2ecgoinnncienngtroatfiothnesinhdauvsetriianlcrreevasoeludtiboyn a(Hndouagrhetonpreedtictael.d, t1o99d6o;ubWleatsdounrinegt tahle., 2119s9t6)c.enTtuhriys tttiiiWBee(C1111reansnTxf9999aaarkccfTatracn8999zneelrriltheu4969szpeecnrst,e;;;;tadamopogsersziiNnPDeapennet1We,eos2egro9taicetae0fwst9ecli1lsldhal.0lir8oh9,meesameils1i;nec.9oals,)e1artsgfa8ne,netv-Cn9lut;ty1icdeeaaw9bka9ahenxt&D5seetnle9ieetdot;.ttltnd2i,vawhayao;aKneli5l2zMene.lnnpCtt,00.iAaroic,,trnas0Oi-efsr1otw7ln-ce0tc19j2(m1sa0eae;hb9mL9a9uuyscoe9oi9Dli9ecnsat.ln7ynd;,e8helecea;ed,(yd;JtrkvMparc1aosBioorarlhs9Ru1daeseie(ltfa9ts9.hSatnohz,ene8er8rteta(eieatsg;n-he7Wm1lalhseetsat).9itBe.,etslneaeae9e.aarrra,lstt7itbr1ono.lTnhc,2;a.ei9aodt,aivhhl0hlt9pnk1.lB.o2e,0.e,6darg9s,f0rrre1,lrot911eo.0oco),f&c“3991o,10iurnug;98pi9ke91;gsns5r49iqsW99aWhteitH&;)8euna79p.et;&rutuSe;g8-hniassn,,gmoiMhctWuStochrWntot11ciemnayieetua99koskpheshins99tsenehtaheieog93hr&&srtlte”ss;,;,,,,f tJaofroonnerncnmteedhssae,n(uBrc1ene9esd9zpe8eoor)mfn. seeLlerleaesar&vfvo-aasftJeuelodcenokaeffeCs-rl,sOesua12cfd9-kcoc9eohe8rnsse).cwtenoTenorhtdtsreiarfsatefhileowoarnewraseny,tpsfobCeouwfOortel2plrtochesowretfnuocpdtrehiemenirssmptWoica(1rnBhnrn9aafoadilt8eltlyidnuzi6locwiugee)an.cnmeomastfcnP.tieaeiseoernrcSrdentetceoiisutbsnitrtidpsuynsaaaiiedletln.tca.toys,h,dhttnieio2o1pswon09noiini0nn9aplti0lts8rhusehee);eblr.acolaaeiCtitwmAcsniaaatotsniinenotfdlienrosinnfadmoacscmwnruoeiit,tsnicafaaiotnnss1-nClmgyap9rOwrl9oeagafo8pi2feanent;ochCtalaptryDneoOtrarerderuer2dotlrrfsaaswnyeoo(twgroiBiieotitlafahouetnrgtwmnteshalorshelaeipt.tcrit,hhepew(uereeZrs1lar.rott9hteurcuN9aaalrlrdl8roaiio.ees;,,,l tnptwtraoacoaee1reiecpnhexveno9faanltrrhdepa9ainsid,ftttlroite6shohstuderi2grnh)oeyreansaio.0rmsemn-toncp0feoA(snywodcao0eRpahithnsfn;pnltnhtihiacahptueCsWeoinnaeirsnwlpnOepgatinttusanbeeeohtre2aoierltresi(fo&eoetsaadaJftnroo:wscnatiicaamniitWctdf(pollceinoste1owehtewofegsaa)innbnucrood,hrnastit.tminiieoagsts1rtlfeashlo,df9Iwpreteenwfd9f2overacclea50eefeCeaahhtdst;0nrvhdlleCeeiOieutL0tgeiirmresOnaLl)r2nirwsC,ityngia2ine,acew,-nwtOofanaaiaxotneuo1inephl2ndptnas9lndhhedcedetpc9sseoirutotrrd8psoidhpmhoesmoon;,lier)rspalicfpo.WeasewplnoewoebennaoTwtsnisapadsttnaeC,thiphnabhrttsge(lietgaOtliesa3oerhydtrb,spona)ir2naoiriwcat1pstorcttimsnholdr.9noot,fntesha9egspn;tafnbe9rcihucitongn;uhmwe(elmif2aedetnKneheb)trtattaitttnrheoieronhhhcyrtaatirrondhyeeess-t papTearb.le 1. AboAuttm30o%sphsienrcice tCheOb2ecgoinnncienngtroatfiothnesinhdauvsetriianlcrreevasoeludtiboyn a(Hndouagrhetonpreedtictael.d, t1o99d6o;ubWleatsdounrinegt tahle., 2119s9t6)c.enTtuhriys tttiiiWBee(C1111reansnTxf9999aaarkccfTatracn8999zneelrriltheu4969szpeecnrst,e;;;;tadamopogsersziiNnPDeapennet1We,eos2egro9taicetae0fwst9ecli1lsldhal.0lir8oh9,meesameils1i;nec.9oals,)e1artsgfa8ne,netv-Cn9lut;ty1icdeeaaw9bka9ahenxt&D5seetnle9ieetdot;.ttltnd2i,vawhayao;aKneli5l2zMene.lnnpCtt,00.iAaroic,,trnas0Oi-efsr1otw7ln-ce0tc19j2(m1sa0eae;hb9mL9a9uuyscoe9oi9Dli9ecnsat.ln7ynd;,e8helecea;ed,(yd;JtrkvMparc1aosBioorarlhs9Ru1daeseie(ltfa9ts9.hSatnohz,ene8er8rteta(eieatsg;n-he7Wm1lalhseetsat).9itBe.,etslneaeae9e.aarrra,lstt7itbr1ono.lTnhc,2;a.ei9aodt,aivhhl0hlt9pnk1.lB.o2e,0.e,6darg9s,f0rrre1,lrot911eo.0oco),f&c“3991o,10iurnug;98pi9ke91;gsns5r49iqsW99aWhteitH&;)8euna79p.et;&rutuSe;g8-hniassn,,gmoiMhctWuStochrWntot11ciemnayieetua99koskpheshins99tsenehtaheieog93hr&&srtlte”ss;,;,,,,f tJaofroonnerncnmteedhssae,n(uBrc1ene9esd9zpe8eoor)mfn. The nine treatments and their symbols used in the OO concentration Treatments. 350 ppm 550 ppm 700 ppm (c3) (c5) (c7). FWC 40% (w4) FWC 60% (w6) c3-w4 c3-w6 c5-w4 c5-w6 c7-w4 c7-w6.
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