Effects of different amine fluoride concentrations on enamel remineralization

Abstract

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of decreasing fluoride concentrations on repeated demineralizing challenges on human enamel. Materials and methodsIn 24 teeth, 3mm×3mm windows were prepared on the buccal and lingual sides and treated in a cycling demineralization–remineralization model. Remineralization was achieved with 100, 10 and 0.1ppm fluoride from anime fluoride. Coronal sections were cut through the artificial lesions, and three sections per tooth were investigated using polarized light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy with quantitative element analysis. ResultsThe morphology of the lesions was studied, and the extensions of the superficial layer and the body of the lesion were measured. Using element analysis, the Ca, P and F content were determined. The body of the lesion appeared remineralized after application of 100ppm fluoride, while remineralization of the lesion was less successful after application of 10 and 0.1ppm fluoride. The thickness of the superficial layer increased with decreasing fluoride concentrations, and also the extension of the body of the lesion increased. Ca and P content increased with increasing fluoride concentrations. ConclusionsThe effectiveness of fluoride in enamel remineralization increased with increasing fluoride concentration. Clinical relevanceA consistently higher level of fluoride in saliva should be a goal in caries prevention.