Abstract
The aim of this paper was to determine the impact of different air temperature (60 °C, 80 °C and 100 °C) at air drying velocity of 1.0 ms-1 during convection drying thermal process on the sunflower seeds oil and ash content. The research was conducted at 4 different sunflower seeds hybrid Apollo, NK Brio, PR 63 and PR 90 A 63 D 82, which by their characteristics are early and medium early hybrids.. Based on the results, the curve of water speed release from the sunflower seeds, the activation energy, as well as changes in oil content and ash content before and after the convective drying was obtained. It was established that the NK Brio hybrid fastest release water compared to other hybrids during drying which is confirmed by minimum value of activation energy and that the increasing of air drying temperature increases oil content, while reduces ash content.
Highlights
Human nutrition today is unimaginable without the production of oil and solid plant fats, and buckshot and cake that arise during the oil preparation are by-products necessary in livestock (Krička et al, 2009)
The sunflower yield depends on quantity of water in the intensive growing phase and oil synthesis phase, so that in the years with abundant precipitations, which stimulate the development of diseases, there is a significant reduction of sunflower seed yield, and of oil yield
On the basis of this the objective of this work is to determine the influence of temperature on water release before and after thermal process of convection drying on the activation energy values and water, ash and oil content in sunflower seeds
Summary
Human nutrition today is unimaginable without the production of oil and solid plant fats, and buckshot and cake that arise during the oil preparation are by-products necessary in livestock (Krička et al, 2009). Information about sunflower seed and kernel physical and mechanical properties are necessary for seeding, harvesting, handling, drying, storage and further processing. Sunflower fruit is the raw material used for sunflower oil production for human consumption, and its defatted meal, as a feed for livestock, has advantages over other oilseed farm crops (Babić et al, 2012)
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