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Abstract
To evaluate the effect of medical nutritional therapy (MNT) combined with low glycaemic index (LGI) formula at breakfast for 4 weeks on the glycaemic control of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Ninety-six participants were recruited and randomly equally divided into two groups. The intervention group was offered with 40g LGI formula at breakfast adjusted according to MNT, and the control group with regular MNT. After 4 weeks, fasting blood glucose, glycated albumin (GA), insulin, C-peptide levels and metabolic index were compared between the two groups. Compared to the intervention group, the total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and the change of FBG (–0.64 ± 1.4 vs. 0.3 ± 2.2; p < 0.05) and 2h-PBG (–1.8 ± 3.6 vs.0.8 ± 3.2; p < 0.01) in the control group were significantly decreased. The LGI formulations, having a significant effect on controlling glucose and lipid metabolism, could be used as a non-pharmacological intervention for T2DM self-management.
Highlights
Strict and appropriate glycaemic control has a positive impact on long-term clinical outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by delaying and slowing the progression of complications related to diabetes (UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group, 1998; Klaus-Dieter et al, 2011)
glycated albumin (GA), which is thought to reflect glycaemic control in diabetic patients sensitively in a short period because of shortened red cell survival, was significantly decreased in intervention groups compared with the control
Many studies have already revealed that the preferential consumption of low glycaemic index (LGI) diets could attenuate glucose, lipid metabolic responses and inflammatory reactions associated with complications of T2DM (Gomes et al, 2017; Bolsinger et al, 2017), little is known about the effect of LGI formula on glycaemic control as a nutritional supplement
Summary
Strict and appropriate glycaemic control has a positive impact on long-term clinical outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) by delaying and slowing the progression of complications related to diabetes (UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group, 1998; Klaus-Dieter et al, 2011). Specific treatment such as oral hypoglycaemic agents or insulin is given to patients with T2DM according to their condition. Beneficial evidence for diabetes MNT has come from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) showing that nutritional interventions improve metabolic outcomes, such as concentrations of blood glucose, haemoglobin A1c (HbA1C), lipids, blood pressure, body weight and/or quality of life in diabetic patients (Kulkarni, 2006)
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