Abstract
Brain aging is accompanied by the development of an imbalance of the systems of chemical regulation of cells, a decrease in neurotrophic factors, and disorders of brain plasticity. Important place in the neurotransmitter changes in aging is given to the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), represented in the system of both external and internal neurotransmitters. With aging, the activity of GABA systems changes and the content of GABA in brain structures decreases, which is associated with impaired mental function and the development of pathology, in particular, dementia. Given the prevalence of pathology and the rate of population aging, the search for effective and safe means for the prevention and comprehensive metabolic treatment of age-related cognitive and psycho-emotional disorders remains relevant. In experiments on adult (10 months) and old (24 months) Wistar male rats, we investigated the pharmacological activity and age-specificities of the combination, including GABA and magnesium gluconate in the form of a coordination compound (γ-aminobutyro-Mg(II)–gluconate), and pyridoxine hydrochloride (Membraton). Tests "dark / light camera" and "three-chamber activity" established age differences in the behavior of rats. In older animals, amid increased anxiety, there was a decrease in zoo social interaction, such as communication, novelty preference, and social recognition. Under the influence of the course introduction of Membraton (100 and 500 mg / kg) in old rats, anxiety decreased and social activity increased: motivation and initiation of social contact increased, contact with an unfamiliar partner-stimulus increased, recognition of a familiar and unfamiliar partner was normalized. Under the influence of the remedy, indicators of social behavior of old animals approached the level of young animals. The established effects make it possible to consider Membraton as a promising metabolic therapy for increasing sociality in psycho-emotional disorders associated with age.
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