Effects of Cigarettes Smoking on Pulmonary Function among University Students

Azian Hariri,Wan Mohd Mazdey Wan Mansor,A Hasan,M.R Kabit,Al-K Hj Othman,N Mohamed Sutan,Md A Mannan,A.A Khan,C.N Hipolito,N Abdul Wahab

doi:10.1051/matecconf/20178702002

Azian Hariri, Wan Mohd Mazdey Wan Mansor + Show 8 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/20178702002

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Abstract

Pulmonary function testing is a physiological test that measures how an individual inhales or exhales volumes of air as a function of time. Smoking is greatly associated with reduction of pulmonary function. This research is aimed to estimate the values of peak expiratory flow (PEF), forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and ratio between FEV1/FVC among smoking and non-smoking students in Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia. Smoking is often related to obstructive disorder with low value of FVC, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC. These pulmonary functions were analyzed based on several variables such as; the number of cigarette smoked per day, duration of smoking, age, and body mass index (BMI) values. 70 healthy volunteers consist of smoking and non- smoking students was selected through several sessions. Students were interviewed to answer questionnaire on demographic, lifestyles and their smoking habit. The pulmonary function tests were conducted according to American Thoracic Society (ATS) standards. The results of the pulmonary functions were analyzed by using SPSS software to compare the pulmonary functions between the smoker and the non-smoker students. The results of the studies showed that the number of cigarettes smoked by respondent and the BMI values were the significant predictors of the decrease in FEV1/FVC values among university students

Highlights

The use of tobacco by adolescents remains a major public health concern worldwide
Results of the study showed a decrease in lung function of forced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV1 values was correlated with the increased number of cigarettes smoked per day and duration of smoking among students while increase body mass index (BMI) values correlated with a decrease in FEV1 / FVC. These results clearly shows the obstructive lung symptoms were detected in smoker group of students which significantly correlates with the number of cigarettes smoked per day, duration of smoking and BMI values
Investigation of pulmonary function among university students shows that the pulmonary function value of smokers was decreased compared to non-smokers

Summary

Introduction

The use of tobacco by adolescents remains a major public health concern worldwide. There are 1.2 billion smokers globally, of which more than 50% are young people. It is estimated that tobacco related death will become 1 billion in the 21st century compared to 100 million in the 20th century. It is estimated 1 person die every 6 seconds from a tobacco related diseases [4]. Cigarette smoking is the major cause of many chronic diseases, such as stroke, heart disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), periodontal disease, peripheral vascular disease, pneumonia, lung and oral cancer [2], [5]. Various respiratory diseases including lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, interstitial lung diseases, bronchial asthma, are caused and worsen by cigarette smoking [6]

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