Abstract
The standard serological test such as Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT) is routinely used for the diagnosis of brucellosis. This test depends on the agglutination of colored particulate antigen (killed Brucella organisms) by the antibodies present in sera of infected animals. Faulty negative and positive results are commonly experienced in these traditional agglutination tests. We developed three simple, new, additional and cost-effective steps that can help in these problems; the Superagglutination test for serodiagnosis of brucellosis differs from conventional RBPT by three simple new and coast effective additional steps which are used to overcome this problem. These steps depend on the staining of sera antibodies by adding dye before the test and addition of diluted biotinylated antiglobulin and Avidin in sequence then mixing the antigen with the stained serum. By testing 150 serum samples, the Superagglutination test had higher positive predictive value and specificity than RBPT and standard tube agglutination test (STAT). Also, it had higher negative predictive value and sensitivity than RBPT, STAT, ELISA (Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and CFT (Complement Fixation test).
Highlights
Brucellosis is an important worldwide zoonotic bacterial disease caused by Brucella species and affecting different mammals including man, sheep, goats, cattle, swine, marine mammals and rodents
150 bovine sera samples were tested by Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT), standard tube agglutination test (STAT), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Modified Rose Bengal Antigen Superagglutination test and Complement Fixation test (CFT) as shown in table(2)
The most common, screening and rapid serological test used for the diagnosis of brucellosis is Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT) (Novita, 2017) which based on the agglutination of antigen by the antibodies present in animals sera
Summary
Brucellosis is an important worldwide zoonotic bacterial disease caused by Brucella species and affecting different mammals including man, sheep, goats, cattle, swine, marine mammals and rodents. Control of brucellosis depends mainly on comprehensive vaccination, surveillance and quarantine programs Both control and prevention procedures are highly depending on accurate diagnostic tools and effective and safe vaccination programs (WHO, 2006). The RBPT is a pilot, cheap, rapid and effective screening test for Brucella diagnosis. It can be performed with minimum facilities. Because of its apparent simplicity, high level of standardization of antigen but the accuracy of the reading is needed (Malek et al, 2013). It may give false negative and positive results. Prozoning may lead to the false-negative reaction when sera of high antibody titers are tested
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