Abstract
The effect of carbon black on the mechanical properties of elastomers is of great interest, because the filler is one of principal ingredients for the manufacturing of rubber products. While fillers can be used to enhance the properties of elastomers, including stress-free swelling resistance in solvent, it is widely known that the introduction of fillers yields significant inelastic responses of elastomers under cyclic mechanical loading, such as stress-softening, hysteresis and permanent set. When a filled elastomer is under mechanical deformation, the filler acts as a strain amplifier in the rubber matrix. Since the matrix local strain has a profound effect on the material’s ability to absorb solvent, the study of the effect of carbon black content on the swelling characteristics of elastomeric components exposed to solvent in the presence of mechanical deformation is a prerequisite for durability analysis. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of carbon black content on the swelling of elastomers in solvent in the presence of static mechanical strains: simple extension and simple torsion. Three different types of elastomers are considered: unfilled, filled with 33 phr (parts per hundred) and 66 phr of carbon black. The peculiar role of carbon black on the swelling characteristics of elastomers in solvent in the presence of mechanical strain is explored.
Highlights
Rubber products are common in our daily life and, are one of the essential materials used in many industrial applications
While numerous results corresponding to free swelling are available in the literature, the extension to the case where elastomers are simultaneously subjected to mechanical loading is less common [6], not to mention the case involving different amounts of carbon black content
The presence of carbon black appears to restrict the diffusion of solvent into the elastomers, since the elastomeric network becomes stiffer with the addition of filler [3]
Summary
Rubber products are common in our daily life and, are one of the essential materials used in many industrial applications. While unfilled rubbers exhibit nearly ideal nonlinear elastic behavior, the incorporation of filler alters the stress-softening behavior, known as the Mullins effect, and the time-dependent behavior characterized by hysteresis and stress relaxation [4]. During their applications, rubber products are frequently subjected to various hostile environments, e.g., aggressive solvents, in addition to fluctuating mechanical loading. Rubber products are frequently subjected to various hostile environments, e.g., aggressive solvents, in addition to fluctuating mechanical loading Such conditions may affect the service life of elastomers by two major factors: by fatigue due to fluctuating mechanical loading and by swelling due to the diffusion of solvents [5]. While numerous results corresponding to free swelling are available in the literature, the extension to the case where elastomers are simultaneously subjected to mechanical loading is less common [6], not to mention the case involving different amounts of carbon black content
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