Abstract
Riverdikes are habitats that must be revegetated quickly in order to prevent soil erosion. With increasing pressure to improve the cost efficiency of management, new revegetation techniques suitable under reduced mowing frequencies are required. Imperata cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv. is an important component of grasslands in several Asian countries. Its vigorous rhizome elongation should be useful for quickly covering bare ground. We tested the effects of sowing (at two densities), transplanting, and sodding of I. cylindrica on plant cover and species richness of established vegetation over 3 years. The sodding and high-density sowing treatments achieved the most rapid increase in cover, followed by low-density sowing, transplanting, and the control. By year 2, however, the cover in the low- and high-density sowing treatments was similar. The sodding treatment had significantly fewer species than the other treatments in year 1. Between years 1 and 2 and years 2 and 3, the total number of species increased in the transplanting treatment, whereas it decreased in the sodding and two sowing treatments. Accordingly, if stabilization and erosion control are the priority, introduction of I. cylindrica using sod and high-density sowing is the most suitable method. If immediate green-up is not imperative, low-density sowing is likely to provide available resources for new seedlings of diverse species to become established, allowing the introduction of representative species in semi-natural grasslands. More research will be needed on the effects of introducing diverse species (e.g., sowing seed mixtures) that include I. cylindrica on the resulting floristic composition.
Highlights
Across the world, large areas of native vegetation have been removed for urban, industrial, and agricultural land uses
Riverdikes must be quickly revegetated to prevent soil erosion, as the collapse of dikes is directly associated with severe flooding
In Japan and South Korea, riverdikes were traditionally revegetated with grass species that were managed by mowing [9] [10]
Summary
Large areas of native vegetation have been removed for urban, industrial, and agricultural land uses. Destruction of vegetation may increase soil erosion and undermine stability, and revegetation is essential for stabilizing such disturbed areas. Revegetated sites were traditionally fertilized, mulched, and seeded with non-native grasses and legumes selected for rapid growth and effectiveness in erosion control [1]-[4]. Riverdikes must be quickly revegetated to prevent soil erosion, as the collapse of dikes is directly associated with severe flooding. In Japan and South Korea, riverdikes were traditionally revegetated with grass species that were managed by mowing [9] [10]. Some means of improving the cost efficiency of managing riverdikes include reducing the frequency of mowing and replacing short-grass monocultures with taller species [11]. Revegetation methods that are suitable to reduce soil erosion under reduced mowing frequencies have rarely been developed
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