Effects of atrophine sulphate, xylazine hydrochloride, ketamine hydrochloride and diazepam in cats

Md Mahfuzul Haque,Nasrin Sultana Lucky

doi:10.3329/ralf.v6i1.41394

Md Mahfuzul Haque, Nasrin Sultana Lucky

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v6i1.41394

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Abstract

In this experiment eighteen (18) apparently healthy female cats were assigned in three anesthetic groups to attain the objectives of assess the efficacy and adverse effects of anesthetic agents. The body weight of the cats ranged from 2.5 to 3 kg and 8 to 12 months of age. There were divided into following three groups; A: atropine sulphate (0.04 mg/kg), xylazine hydrochloride (1 mg/kg) and Ketamine hydrochloride (5 mg/kg) body weight intramuscularly, B: xylazine hydrochloride (1 mg/kg) and ketamine hydrochloride (5 mg/kg) body weight intramuscularly and C: ketamine hydrochloride (5 mg/kg) and diazepam (1.4 mg/kg) body weight intramuscularly. The mean of induction period was significantly (P<0.05) shorter in Group A and B. Duration of anesthesia, time to first movement there was no difference among these three groups. The induction period was 2.67±0.82, 3.17±0.75 and 13±2.28, Duration of anesthesia was 34.17±2.40, 39.33±1.75 and 35.33±2.73, Time to first movement was 7.5±1.52, 6.67±1.03 and 7±0.894, Time to sternal position was 10.67±1.21, 10.33±1.03 and 19.83±2.07, Time to standing position was 14.67±2.07, 14.33±1.51 and 26.22±2.61 respectively in case of Group A, Group B and C. The induction, duration and recovery period from anesthesia was smooth in atropine sulphate-xylazine-ketamine hydrochloride combination. Salivation was found in xylazine-ketamine hydrochloride combination. Vomition observed onset of action and salivation during recovery period in Ketamine hydrochloride-Diazepam combination. From this study it was found that atropine sulphate-xylazine-ketamine hydrochloride does not show any adverse effect on cat and is an identical satisfactory anesthetic combination which will be helpful for performing any surgical interventions for cats. Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.6(1): 127-132, April 2019

Highlights

Anesthesia is a reversible process which is targeted to produce a convenient, safe, effective, yet inexpensive means of chemical restraint so that medical or surgical procedure may be conducted with minimum stress, pain, discomfort, and toxic side effects to the patients or to the anesthetist (Thurmon et al, 1996 and William et al 2007)
The study was designed to evaluate the suitability of atrophine sulphate-xylazine-ketamine hydrochloride, xylazine-ketamine hydrochloride and diazepam-ketamine hydrochloride combination for surgical procedures to investigate the effects of premedication and anesthetic agent’s combination and to examine the aptness for short and long duration of these combinations in cats
While the shortest duration (34.17±2.40 min) of anesthesia was observed at the dose rate 0.04 mg/kg, 1 mg/kg and 5 mg/kg body weight with atropine-xylazine-Ketamine hydrochloride combination (Table 1)

Summary

Introduction

Anesthesia is a reversible process which is targeted to produce a convenient, safe, effective, yet inexpensive means of chemical restraint so that medical or surgical procedure may be conducted with minimum stress, pain, discomfort, and toxic side effects to the patients or to the anesthetist (Thurmon et al, 1996 and William et al 2007). Diazepam is often used in general anaesthesia for its sedative, tranquilizing and muscle relaxant and anticonvulsant effects (Purvins, 1994) Drugs in this class act directly on the brain and are central nervous system depressants. Diazepam is a potent anticonvulsant, sedative and muscle relaxant and has been used as a premedicant prior to dissociative anesthesia to reduce the muscular tremors (Hall and Clarke, 2009). It is considered relatively safe preoperative sedative for patients with underlying cardiac or metabolic diseases because it causes minimum cardiopulmonary side effects and provides good muscle relaxation. The study was designed to evaluate the suitability of atrophine sulphate-xylazine-ketamine hydrochloride, xylazine-ketamine hydrochloride and diazepam-ketamine hydrochloride combination for surgical procedures to investigate the effects of premedication and anesthetic agent’s combination and to examine the aptness for short and long duration of these combinations in cats

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