Abstract
Objectives:The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant effect of aqueous Lawsonia inermis leaf extract on aluminum-induced oxidative stress and the histology of the pituitary gland of adult Wistar rats.Methods:Thirty-five adult male Wistar rats weighing between 100-196g and 15 mice of the same weight range were included in the study. Lawsonia inermis extracts and aluminum chloride (AlCl3) were administered for a period of three weeks to five rats per group. The subjects in Group 1 (control) were given pellets and distilled water. Group 2 received 60mg/kg/d of aqueous extract of Lawsonia inermis. Group 3 was given 0.5mg/kg/d of AlCl3. Group 4 was administered 0.5mg/kg/d of AlCl3 and 60mg/kg/d of aqueous Lawsonia inermis extract orally. Group 5 received 0.5mg/kg/d of AlCl3 and 75mg/kg/d of aqueous Lawsonia inermis extract orally. Group 6 was given 0.5mg/kg/d of AlCl3 and 100mg/kg/d of aqueous Lawsonia inermis extract orally. Group 7 was administered 0.5mg/k/d of AlCl3 and 5mg/Kg/d ascorbic acid in distilled water orally. Twenty-four hours after the last administration, the animals were weighed, sedated with chloroform, and had their pituitary glands located, removed, and weighed on an electronic analytical balance.Results:Decreased cell counts were observed in the pituitary gland micrographs of the Wistar rats given 0.5mg of aluminum chloride, whereas the Wistar rats given 0.5mg of aluminum chloride and varying doses of Lawsonia inermis had increased dose-dependent cell counts.Conclusion:Aqeuous Lawsonia Inermis leaf extract increased the cell counts of the pituitary glands of adult male Wistar rats, in addition to alleviating aluminum-induced oxidative stress.
Highlights
The pituitary gland, often called the “master gland” of the body, physiologically regulates the endocrine function of several other glands and their associated activities
The pituitary gland can be functionally divided into two parts: the posterior and the anterior
The pituitary gland is made of two parts: the anterior pituitary and the posterior pituitary
Summary
The pituitary gland, often called the “master gland” of the body, physiologically regulates the endocrine function of several other glands and their associated activities. The pituitary gland can be functionally divided into two parts: the posterior (neurohypophysis) and the anterior (adenohypophysis). The anterior pituitary gland contains numerous basophil cells. The counts of acidophil cells (arranged in cords) were lower than the basophil and chromophobe cell counts. Acidophil cells may occur in two different forms based on their size and shape. Basophil cells are larger and occur in greater number than acidophil cells. They are categorized into two types of different shapes and sizes. Chromophobe cells are round and are the largest of the group. These cells are located centrally and have dark nuclei, clear nucleoli, and granular cytoplasm (Young et al, 2006)
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