Abstract
In the last decades, aquaculture has experienced an exponential grow [1-3], but farming practices are expected to increase also in future years to cover the increased demand of products available for human consumption. Aquaculture development has raised issues of concern in terms of environmental impacts and ecosystem health [4]. Fish farming induces eutrophication processes near the sites where cages are located. Organic substances released from faeces, food residuals and other wastes related to fish farming cause the organic enrichment of seawater, leading to increased decomposition processes, water turbidity and oxygen consumption. Increasing organic matter inputs to the sediments close to the fish cages, marine fish farms may have a significant detrimental effect on sea floor integrity and benthic microorganisms [5-6].
Highlights
In the last decades, aquaculture has experienced an exponential grow [1,2,3], but farming practices are expected to increase in future years to cover the increased demand of products available for human consumption
Organic substances released from faeces, food residuals and other wastes related to fish farming cause the organic enrichment of seawater, leading to increased decomposition processes, water turbidity and oxygen consumption
Microbial community is known to quickly react to environmental changes by modulating its structure and metabolic patterns [8,9,10]; heterotrophic bacterial communities benefit as a food source from the complex of dissolved and particulate substrates provided by aquaculture wastes
Summary
Aquaculture has experienced an exponential grow [1,2,3], but farming practices are expected to increase in future years to cover the increased demand of products available for human consumption. Increasing organic matter inputs to the sediments close to the fish cages, marine fish farms may have a significant detrimental effect on sea floor integrity and benthic microorganisms [5,6].
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