Effects of alien substitutions of chromosomes of homoeologous group 7 on the heading time of wheat–barley substitution lines (Triticum aestivum L. – Hordeum marinum ssp. gussoneanum 4x Hudson)

Abstract

The effects of alien substitutions of chromosomes on the heading time of ditelosomic (DT) wheat–barley substitution lines in which the chromosome 7HLmar from Hordeum marinum ssp. gussoneanum 4x replaced the chromosomes 7A, 7B and 7D of common wheat were studied. The plants were grown under short and long day illumination in greenhouse and in the field. The lines studied were found to differ in response to the length of the day. Under short day conditions, DT7HLmar(7B) and DT7HLmar(7A) showed an increase in the period before heading. In this case, the substitution effect of chromosome 7B was more significant than the effect of chromosome 7A. Under these conditions, the substitution of chromosome 7D did not have a significant effect on the heading time. Under long day conditions in the greenhouse and under natural conditions of a long day in the Novosibirsk region, substitution lines came into ear earlier than under a short day conditions and did not differ in the heading time. Allele-specific primers established the allelic composition of the genes Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1, Vrn-D1 and Vrn-B3 in ditelosomic lines. It was shown that the two DT7HLmar(7A) and DT7HLmar(7D) lines have the same genotype -VRN-A1b/VRN-B1c/vrn-D1/ vrn-B3 and that the DT7HLmar(7B) line has the genotype -VRN-A1a/VRN-B1c/vrn-D1. The results show that regardless of the genotype for the Vrn genes, the wheat-barley substitution lines react to the change in the photoperiod, especially in the absence of chromosomes 7B and 7A.