Abstract
Spacing responses in schools of golden shiner fish were measured before and after surgical section of the posterior lateral line (acoustico-lateralis) nerves. Test fish swam closer to their five nearest schoolmates after surgery and maintained less parallel orientation to their nearest neighbors. These findings indicate a significant role of lateral line input in the spacing responses of these facultative-schooling freshwater fish. Fish maintained nonrandom patterns of spacing toward their five nearest schoolmates before surgery, distinguished by closer distances, more parallel orientation, and greater avoidance of positions behind schoolmates than expected by chance. Analysis revealed that both school structure and behavioral changes after lateral line surgery resemble what is known of obligate-schooling marine fish species. Results are discussed in the context of lateral line function in fish spacing responses and the role of sensory input in fish schooling.
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