Abstract
The modulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), the superfamily of steroid–thyroid–retinoid nuclear receptors, is expected to induce an amazing crosstalk between energy-demanding organs. Here, we aimed to study the effects of the novel selective PPARα modulator, pemafibrate, on metabolic parameters in patients with dyslipidemia. We retrospectively studied patients who had taken pemafibrate and compared metabolic parameters at baseline with the data at 3, 6 and 12 months after the start of pemafibrate. Serum triglyceride significantly decreased and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol significantly increased at 3, 6 and 12 months after the start of pemafibrate. Serum aspartate aminotransferase levels significantly decreased at 3 and 6 after the start of pemafibrate as compared with baseline. Serum alanine aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyl transferase significantly decreased and albumin significantly increased after 3, 6 and 12 months. HbA1c levels significantly decreased after 3 months. Further, serum uric acid significantly decreased after 12 months. Such metabolic favorable changes due to pemafibrate were significantly correlated with changes in serum lipids. In conclusion, we observed a significant improvement of liver function, HbA1c and serum uric acid along with an amelioration of dyslipidemia after the start of pemafibrate.
Highlights
The metabolic syndrome due to insulin resistance poses a global challenge as societies become increasingly urbanized, sedentary and obese
The modulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) which belong to the superfamily of steroid–thyroid–retinoid nuclear receptors [2] may induce an amazing crosstalk between organs, because PPARs are transcription factors activated by specific ligands and play an important role during cell signaling
One-third of patients had taken stain in addition to pemafibrate as the treatments for dyslipidemia
Summary
The metabolic syndrome due to insulin resistance poses a global challenge as societies become increasingly urbanized, sedentary and obese. A cluster of risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) have become known as the metabolic syndrome. The risk factors include raised blood pressure, atherogenic dyslipidemia such as raised triglyceride (TG) and lowered high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), raised fasting glucose, and central obesity [1]. The modulation of the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) is a therapeutic option to improve atherogenic dyslipidemia and prevent CVD. The modulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) which belong to the superfamily of steroid–thyroid–retinoid nuclear receptors [2] may induce an amazing crosstalk between organs, because PPARs are transcription factors activated by specific ligands and play an important role during cell signaling. PPARs participate in the regulation of lipid metabolism, inflammation and the development of atherosclerosis or diabetes
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