Abstract
The vertical jump is a complex movement where many factors are involved in the final result. Currently, how a specific exercise program for gluteal muscles can affect the vertical jump is unknown. So, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of a specific exercise program for the gluteal muscles on a vertical jump. Forty-nine amateur athletes completed an 8-week program. The experimental group received a specific gluteal muscle training program in addition to their regular training routine, whereas the control group received their regular training routine. Jump height, flight time, speed and power were assessed (baseline, postintervention, and 4-week follow-up). Repeated-measures analyses of variance were conducted with ∝ ≤ 0.05. We calculated Eta squared effect sizes with 95% confidence intervals. Measurements at 8 weeks revealed significant increases in the experimental group compared to the control group for the values: jump height (p < 0.05) (experimental group = 17.15%; control group = 3.09%), flight time (p < 0.001) (experimental group = 7.98%; control group = 3.52%), speed (p < 0.01) (experimental group = 1.96%; control group = 1.83%) and power (p < 0.05) (experimental group = 4.43%; control group = 0.32%). However, at follow-up, these changes were not maintained. These data suggest that this specific training protocol for the gluteal muscles is effective in order to improve vertical jump performance in amateur athletes who use the vertical jump in their routine training habits.
Highlights
Vertical jump training has been studied for a long time because of its application in performance improvement and efficacy in sports, notably basketball, volleyball and football, among others [1,2].It is a complex movement where simultaneous and coordinated activation of numerous muscle groups takes place [1,3]
An experimental research was carried out in order to determine gluteal muscle-specific training effects on vertical jump performance in amateur athletes who include the vertical jump in their sport activity
The main findings in this study demonstrate that such a program has a significant effect on squat jump capacity, increasing jump height, flight time, speed and power, compared to a control group
Summary
Vertical jump training has been studied for a long time because of its application in performance improvement and efficacy in sports, notably basketball, volleyball and football, among others [1,2]. It is a complex movement where simultaneous and coordinated activation of numerous muscle groups takes place [1,3]. A variety of research papers have referred to the summation effect of the anthropometric factors, coordination and anticipatory contraction of the muscle groups, and to the participation of the different joints of the limbs and trunk [7]. It has been suggested that the gluteal muscles have a main role in squat
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