Effects of a dietary modification intervention model applied by ward nurse on dietary behavior in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a dietary modification intervention model applied by ward nurse on change of dietary behavior among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods A total of 80 participants were divided into intervention patients (n= 40) and control subjects (n=40) by random number table. Except lecture-based diabetes educational which was applied for control subjects, a dietary modification intervention model was conducted in intervention patients for a period of two weeks. The intervention program consisted of evaluating an individual's stage of change after being provided dietary information regarding kind of food and portions, discussion with a role model, and keeping a food diary record. Body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), postprandial 2-h plasma glucose (2hPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc) and score of healthy eating behavior were measured at initial and six months later. Results Compared with control group, BMI, WHR, FPG, 2hPG, HbA1c in intervention group were significantly decreased, P<0.01 or 0.05. After six months intervention, FPG, 2hPG and HbA1c in both groups were significantly decreased compared with baseline levels, P<0.01. Compared with control group, the scores of healthy eating behavior in intervention group were significantly decreased, P<0.05. After six months intervention, the scores of healthy eating behavior in both groups were significantly elevated, P <0.01, compared with baseline levels. Conclusions This study yielded evidence for the benefits of using the dietary modification intervention model as a framework in healthy eating behavior among patients with T2DM. Key words: Diabetes mellitus, type 2; Food habits; Dietary intervention model