Abstract
The quality of polyaniline nanoparticles (PANI NPs) synthesized in plasma polymerization depends on the discharge characteristics of a solution plasma process (SPP). In this paper, the low temperature dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) is introduced to minimize the destruction of aniline molecules induced by the direct current (DC) spark discharge. By adopting the new electrode structure coupled with a gas channel, a low temperature DBD is successfully implemented in a SPP, for the first time, thus inducing an effective interaction between the Ar plasma and aniline monomer. We examine the effects of a low temperature DBD on characteristics of polyaniline nanoparticles synthesized by a SPP with an Ar gas bubble channel. As a result, both carbonization of aniline monomer and erosion of the electrode are significantly reduced, which is confirmed by analyses of the synthesized PANI NPs.
Highlights
Over the past decades, there has been considerable interest in the synthesis of nanomaterials due to unique electrical, optical, magnetic, and catalytic properties
We introduced a new electrode structure coupled with a gas channel for dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) and synthesized PANI NPs using DBD for the first time in solution plasma process (SPP)
Since the discharge is very difficult to produce in a solution, especially a liquid aniline monomer with a high dielectric strength, the concept of a bubble channel has been proposed to be able to form a discharge in a gaseous state in a liquid aniline monomer [29]
Summary
There has been considerable interest in the synthesis of nanomaterials due to unique electrical, optical, magnetic, and catalytic properties. Among the various methods for nanomaterial synthesis, the solution plasma process (SPP) is a simple and eco-friendly process because a plasma provides reactive chemical species and radicals without any strong chemical reagents [1,2,3]. In a SPP, a discharge is formed in a liquid by applying a high voltage between a pair of pin-type metal electrodes with a narrow inter-electrode distance. The strong direct current (DC) spark discharge is generated locally in the metal electrode region, whereby the electrode material is evaporated or sputtered, rapidly cooling in the liquid to form nanoparticles. The SPP has been mainly used to synthesize metal nanoparticles [4,5,6,7,8,9]
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