Abstract
Abstract The addition of 4-pentenoic acid to liver homogenates results in a decrease in long chain fatty acids oxidation and in gluconeogenesis. Glycolysis is not affected, whereas lactate oxidation to CO2 is inhibited. There is an increased formation of alanine and decreased levels of glutamate and aspartate. The inhibition of gluconeogenesis is partially reversed by the addition of short chain fatty acids or of (-)-palmitylcarnitine and totally reversed by addition of coenzyme A and carnitine, but not by either one alone. Only the combination of CoA and carnitine partially reversed the inhibition of lactate oxidation. The formation of pentenoylcarnitine and acrylylcarnitine upon incubation with 4-pentenoate has been shown. The data presented suggest that the metabolic effects produced by 4-pentenoate are caused at least partially by accumulation of nonmetabolizable acyl-CoAs and acylcarnitines derived from the acid, thus making both carnitine and CoA unavailable for normal metabolic function.
Highlights
The addition of 4-pentenoic acid to liver homogenates oxidation in skin slices (II), myocardial homogenates [9], and results in a decreasein long chain fatty acids oxidation and liver mitochondria [10]
Q-Pentenoic Acid and Gluconeogenesis-The hypoglycemic action of 4-pentenoic acid has been attributed to its inhibition of long chain fatty acid oxidation [9, 10]
Such an inhibition could result in hypoglycemia by augmenting the use of glucose or inhibiting gluconeogenesis
Summary
The addition of 4-pentenoic acid to liver homogenates oxidation in skin slices (II), myocardial homogenates [9], and results in a decreasein long chain fatty acids oxidation and liver mitochondria [10]. The column was eluted with 5 ml of water and the effluents were divided in two equal parts, one of which was counted after the addition of 0.2 ml of 1.5 N formic acid in Triton scintillation solution. The contents of a Glucostat vial were dissolved in 2 ml of water and 0.1 ml of this solution was added to the other effluent portion, along with about 30 pg of catalase This mixture was incubated for 60 min at 40” in a Dubnoff shaker and was chromatographed through a mixed bed ion exchange column as described above, and eluted with 3 ml of water. The clear solution was counted in a Tri-Carb liquid scintillation counter After washing both columns with 2 additional ml of water (effluent discarded), the columns were ready for further individual elution. Results are expressed as the means f standard error of six experiments
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