Abstract
Background Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by decreased bone density and destruction of bone microarchitecture. Indicators for altered bone homeostasis are changes in the serum level of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs). The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effect of a 12-week exercise program on enzyme activity of serum MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in postmenopausal osteoporotic patients. Materials and methods. Participants were randomized in two groups: exercise (EG) (N = 37) and control (CG) (N = 37) and control (CG) (Results Significant differences between pretreatment and posttreatment enzyme activities of serum MMP-9 (p=0.009), TIMP-1 (p=0.009), TIMP-1 (p=0.009), TIMP-1 (Conclusion Our results suggest that a 12-week exercise program has an influence on enzyme activity of serum MMP-9, revealing a possible role of MMPs in initiating training-specific adaptation. Although measurements of circulating MMP-9 and TIMP-1 allowed us to detect effects of exercise, as of today, they have no real role in the diagnosis of osteoporosis and/or follow-up of osteoporotic patient's response to treatment. MMP-9 might be used as an important prognostic marker for the evaluation of patient's response to exercise. Larger-randomized controlled studies need to be performed to expand this area of knowledge. This trial is registered with trial registration number: NCT03816449).
Highlights
Osteoporosis is a chronic, progressive, and systemic metabolic bone disease characterized by low bone mineral density and microarchitectural changes of bone tissue leading to an increased tendency to fractures [1, 2]
Regression analysis demonstrated a significant mean difference in TIMP-1 after 12 weeks of follow-up between groups adjusted for age, baseline BMI, Vitamin D, and total Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) and Ca (β − 322.08 [95% CI-436.74–207.41]; p ≤ 0.001) and in Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-9/TIMP-1 ratio after 12 weeks of follow-up between groups adjusted for age, baseline BMI, and Vitamin D (β 24.02 [95% CI-13.32–34.73]; p ≤ 0.001)
Is result remained significant after adjustments for age, baseline BMI, Vitamin D, and total PTH and Ca: TIMP-1 (β − 318.32 [95% CI-433.44–203.21]; p ≤ 0.001), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9)/ TIMP-1 ratio (β 23.73 [95% CI-13.00–34.46]; p ≤ 0.001) (Table 3)
Summary
Osteoporosis is a chronic, progressive, and systemic metabolic bone disease characterized by low bone mineral density and microarchitectural changes of bone tissue leading to an increased tendency to fractures [1, 2]. E purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effect of a 12-week exercise program on enzyme activity of serum MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in postmenopausal osteoporotic patients. Enzyme activities of serum MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were detected by gelatin zymography and ELISA in both groups, respectively. Significant differences between pretreatment and posttreatment enzyme activities of serum MMP-9 (p 0.009), TIMP-1 (p ≤ 0.001), and MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio (p ≤ 0.001) were detected in the exercise group. Our results suggest that a 12-week exercise program has an influence on enzyme activity of serum MMP-9, revealing a possible role of MMPs in initiating training-specific adaptation. Measurements of circulating MMP-9 and TIMP-1 allowed us to detect effects of exercise, as of today, they have no real role in the diagnosis of osteoporosis and/or follow-up of osteoporotic patient’s response to treatment. Larger-randomized controlled studies need to be performed to expand this area of knowledge. is trial is registered with trial registration number: NCT03816449)
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