EFFECTIVENESS OF THE APPLICATION OF COMPLEX MEASURES TO COMBAT IRRIGATION EROSION IN AZERBAIJAN IN A MARKET ECONOMY (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE KUR-ARAZ LOW LAND)

Abstract

The research in the article proves that the improvement of the structure increases the productivity. This is explained by the fact that in soils with 0.25 mm diameter water-resistant aggregates 14%, grain yield is 22.2 cents / ha, while water-resistant aggregates are 8%. In soils, this figure decreased to 18.4 cents / ha (3.8 cents / ha). It is also known that alfalfa plays a key role in improving the water-physical properties of the soil, as well as its agrochemical composition. The author's research shows that the amount of water-resistant aggregates under the clover is much higher than in the cotton fields. This can be clearly seen from the following comparison. Thus, the amount of water-resistant aggregates in 0-10 cm of soil in the cotton field is 4.0-18.5; While 0.5 cm is 6.5-11.2 and 20-30 cm is 4.5-18.2, in clover plantations this indicator is 35.0; Increased to 24.7 and 27.0. In addition, the accumulation of more organic and mineral substances under alfalfa cultivation was revealed. This was confirmed by the analysis of soil samples taken from the one-year and two-year plots. It was found that 1.66% of humus and 0.112% of total nitrogen were accumulated in the topsoil of the annual alfalfa field, while the amount of humus accumulated in the topsoil of the biennial alfalfa was 1.70% and the total nitrogen content was 0.150%. that the development of irrigation ero-sion in irrigated arable lands depends on the fact that the surface of the area is covered with a large cover. This was clearly shown by the observations. It was found that both relatively weak (0.4 mm / min) and very (1.4 mm / min) heavy rains protect clover soil from further washing. Thus, 0.4 mm / min. In intensive rains, the depth of the furrow under the clover is 14.4 mm, 31 mm at 1.4 mm / min, 50.9 and 64.2 mm between rows of cotton, respectively, and 78.6 and 113 mm along the row. 6 mm