Effectiveness of metabolic therapy in patients with myocardial infarction and type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Background. Patients diagnosed with an ST-elevation myocardial infarction and type 2 diabetes mellitus present a complex clinical scenario with an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Despite advancements in the standard treatment approaches for an ST-elevation myocardial infarction, the mortality and morbidity rates among individuals with concomitant type 2 diabetes mellitus remain considerable. This study aims to compare the effects of adenosine and quercetin, both alone and in combination, with standard treatment on the outcomes in patients with an ST-elevation myocardial infarction and type 2 diabetes. Materials and methods. This study employed a prospective, randomized controlled design to compare the effects of adenosine, quercetin, and standard treatment in patients with an ST-elevation myocardial infarction and type 2 diabetes mellitus. A total of 97 patients were recruited and randomly assigned to three groups: group 1 (adenosine and quercetin), group 2 (quercetin), group 3 (standard treatment only). The patients were followed up for 3 weeks. Results. The combined treatment with adenosine and quercetin, along with standard treatment, demonstrated a more pronounced effect on improving cardiac function compared to quercetin and standard treatment alone. Specifically, the combined treatment group exhibited a significant reduction in ST elevation after percutaneous coronary intervention, indicating a more complete resolution of myocardial ischemia. Moreover, the combined treatment group showed improvements in echocardiographic parameters, such as left ventricular ejection fraction and global longitudinal strain, indicating enhanced cardiac function. Additionally, the combined treatment appeared to have a positive impact on quality of life, as assessed by validated questionnaires. Notably, a slight decrease in body mass index was observed in the combined treatment group, suggesting a potential benefit in weight management. Conclusions. The results of our study support the notion that the combination of adenosine, quercetin, and standard treatment may offer superior outcomes compared to individual therapies or standard treatment alone. This combined approach demonstrated a more substantial resolution of ST elevation, enhanced cardiac function, and improved quality of life. Furthermore, there was a suggestive indication of potential weight management benefits, as evidenced by a slight decrease in body mass index in the group receiving the combined treatment.