Effectiveness of Management of Innovative Activities in Regional Socio-Economic Systems

Abstract

1. Introduction Scientific and business society's acknowledgement of the role of innovations in successful economic development determined the swiftness of various processes in this sphere, the support for which became one of the national priorities several years ago. Experts often pay attention to certain examples of dynamic development of territories and substantial increase of expenses for innovational development. However, in view of positive processes in this sphere, there are no quantitative and qualitative changes in macro-economic situation yet. The problem of determination and evaluation of effectiveness of management of innovative activities in regional socio-economic systems is one of the most complex and disputable ones; unfortunately, it remains unsolved. According to scientists, effectiveness of management is aimed at evaluation of efficiency of this process. International standards of quality say that this is the level of implementation of planned activities and achievement of planned results. That is, the more precise is the achievement of the planned goal, the better is the efficiency (Raizberg, Lozovskiy & Starodubtsev, 2005). Russian scientists use the notions of performance and efficiency as synonymic ones. Thus, under these conditions, it is possible to speak of evaluation not of performance, but of efficiency of management of innovative activities in regional socio-economic systems. Performance of management of innovative activities in regional socio-economic systems is the basis for innovational development of the country, under the condition of taking into account the specifics of natural & geographical, industrial & technological, and scientific resources of territories, i.e., initial conditions for transformation and changes. Efficiency of the system of management of innovative activities in regional socioeconomic systems is reflected in the indicators of innovational development and region's potential. Thus, evaluation of performance of management of innovative activities in regional socio-economic systems is brought down to evaluation of quantitative and qualitative indicators, characterizing the efficiency of the use of innovational potential. As of now, there is no single approach to evaluation of indicators of performance of management of innovative activities in regional socio-economic systems, which reduces the performance of evaluation of efficiency of state innovational policy both at regional and federal level, as well as analysis of spending the budgetary provisions. 2. Research Methods The whole methodological instrumentarium as to evaluation of effectiveness of management of innovative activities in regional socio-economic systems, offered by economists, is developed according to classical principles of analysis: 1) unity of analysis and synthesis, where it is offered to divide the analyzed complex phenomena and items into components, for the purpose of thorough research of their individual features and then study the existing interconnections and interrelations between them; 2) determining leading link (factors ranking), where the goal is set, and possibilities for achieving this goals are determined. At that, it is necessary to determine the main (basic) link; 3) comparability of analysis (volume, quality, time, risk factor, methodologies for receiving information, conditions for the use of analysis objects); 4) timeliness and speed of performance; 5) possibility of quantitative certainty. When evaluating the results of innovative activities, a special role belongs to the following data: time factor, expenses, life cycle of object, multivariance of innovations and comparability of alternative variants as to sales volumes, quality, term of investments, results, methodologies of receiving information, and risk factors (Pilipchuk, 2000). Methods of evaluation of efficiency of innovative activities include: --non-formalized, which are based on characteristics of the procedure and logical conclusion, without building analytical dependencies. …