Effectiveness of Clinical Scoring Systems in Duration of Hospital Stay, Transfusion Need and Prediction of Re-Bleeding in Patients Admitted to the Emergency Department for Upper Gastrointestinal System Bleeding

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Objective: Upper gastrointestinal system (UGIS) bleeding is a life-threatening abdominal emergency. Numerous scoring systems have been developed to identify patients who may develop mortality due to UGIS bleeding. We aimed to determine the effectiveness of the Glasgow Blatchford Score (GBS), Rockall score (RS), and AIMS 65 score in predicting the length of hospital stay, re-bleeding, and transfusion need. Material and Methods: It was carried out retrospectively by recording the parameters and clinical scoring systems collected from the archive files and epicrisis information of the patients with the pre-diagnosis of UGIS hemorrhage. Results: Sixty-three (67.7%) of 93 patients were male. Four patients (4.3%) needed intensive care, and in-hospital mortality occurred in 4 (4.3%) patients. Mortality was observed in 7 patients (7.5%), and recurrent UGIS bleeding was observed in six patients (6.5%). A statistically significant difference was found in AIMS 65 and Rockall scores in predicting -intensive care needs (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between clinical scoring systems in predicting in-hospital mortality and re-bleeding the UGIS at 3-month follow-up. A statistically significant difference was observed with the AIMS 65 score in predicting mortality at a 3-month follow-up (p<0.05). Conclusion: While there was no statistically significant difference between GBS, RS, and AIMS 65 scores in predicting in-hospital mortality and 3-month re-bleeding, RS and AIMS 65 scores can be used to predict ICU need in the emergency department due to UCIS bleeding. The AIMS 65 score can also be used to predict 3-month mortality.