Effectiveness of Biologic Therapy in Controlling Inflammation and Achieving Disease Remission in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disorder characterized by joint pain, swelling, and potential systemic complications. The usefulness of biological treatments in reducing inflammation and helping RA patients achieve clinical remission is assessed in this systematic narrative review. Using PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, a thorough literature search was carried out with an emphasis on research published in the last five years. The inclusion criteria were English-language human subject research that contributed significantly to our understanding of biological therapies for RA. Despite concerns over long-term drug withdrawal, TNF-alpha inhibitors, including certolizumab, adalimumab, and infliximab, have shown considerable effectiveness in lowering disease activity and inducing remission. Tocilizumab and other IL inhibitors have shown strong anti-inflammatory properties and increased rates of medication retention. Certain patient profiles have shown success with other biologics, such as rituximab and abatacept, especially those who have not responded to previous therapies. Empirical evidence demonstrates that tofacitinib, a JAK inhibitor, is just as effective as conventional biologics. The study emphasizes how important it is to create individualized treatment programs depending on the medical history and response to the condition. Even with encouraging findings, improving RA care requires ongoing observation of safety profiles and long-term effects. This study offers a thorough synthesis of the available data to help physicians choose the best biologic therapy for patients with RA.