Abstract
2-bromoethanesulfonate (BES) is a structural analogue of coenzyme M (Co-M) and potent inhibitor of methanogenesis. Several studies confirmed, BES can inhibit CH4 prodcution in rice soil, but the suppressing effectiveness of BES application on CH4 emission under rice cultivation has not been studied. In this pot experiment, different levels of BES (0, 20, 40 and 80 mg kg-1) were applied to study its effect on CH4 emission and plant growth during rice cultivation. Application of BES effectively suppressed CH4 emission when compared with control soil during rice cultivation. The CH4 emission rates were significantly (P<0.001) decreased by BES application possibly due to significant (P<0.001) reduction of methnaogenic biomarkers like Co-M concentration and mcrA gene copy number (i.e. methanogenic abunadance). BES significantly (P<0.001) reduced methanogen activity, while it did not affect soil dehydrogenase activity during rice cultivation. A rice plant growth and yield parameters were not affected by BES application. The maximum CH4 reduction (49% reduction over control) was found at 80 mg kg-1 BES application during rice cultivation. It is, therefore, concluded that BES could be a suitable soil amendment for reducing CH4 emission without affecting rice plant growth and productivity during rice cultivation.
Highlights
Methane (CH4) is the second most important greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide (CO2) and its annual contribution to global warming is about 40% [1]
The highest CH4 emission was recorded in control treatment and BES application effectively (P
The rate of CH4 emissions were inversely proportional to the doses of BES application
Summary
Methane (CH4) is the second most important greenhouse gas after carbon dioxide (CO2) and its annual contribution to global warming is about 40% [1]. Large amount of CH4 is released to the atmosphere as the end product of archaeal metabolism under anaerobic condition [2]. The major anaerobic sites of CH4 production are rice paddies, ruminants, natural wetlands and sediments [3]. 5–19% of the total global CH4 emissions and may increase further due to the expansion of rice cultivation to fulfill the demand of an increasing human population [1]. Rice paddies contribute ca. 5–19% of the total global CH4 emissions and may increase further due to the expansion of rice cultivation to fulfill the demand of an increasing human population [1].
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