Effective potential for composite operators and for an auxiliary scalar field in a Nambu–Jona-Lasinio model

Abstract

We derive the effective potentials for composite operators in a Nambu\char21{}Jona\char21{}Lasinio model at zero and finite temperature and show that in each case they are equivalent to the corresponding effective potentials based on an auxiliary scalar field. Both effective potentials could lead to the same possible spontaneous breaking and restoration of symmetries including chiral symmetry if the momentum cutoff in the loop integrals is large enough, and can be transformed to each other when the Schwinger-Dyson equation of the dynamical fermion mass from the fermion-antifermion vacuum (or thermal) condensates is used. The results also generally indicate that two effective potentials with the same single order parameter but rather different mathematical expressions can still be considered physically equivalent if the Schwinger-Dyson equation corresponding to the extreme value conditions of the two potentials have the same form.