Abstract
Synthesis of polycrystalline samples of Bi1-xNdxFeO3 [x = 0.5, 0.6, 0.7 and 0.8] were demonstrated following solid-state reaction method at high temperature. The structural properties of the sample were confirmed through the X-ray diffraction technique. The dielectric study of the compounds was performed at different frequencies in the range of 100 Hz – 10 6 Hz for various temperatures. The non-Debye type of relaxation process confirmed from impedance analysis. The materials showed a negative temperature coefficient of resistance (NTCR) behavior at various temperatures and frequencies. AC conductivity of the materials with frequency at different temperatures satisfied the universal power law of Johnscher. Thermistor constant (β), sensitivity factor (α), and stability factor for all the samples were calculated and confirmed the characteristics of NTC thermistor.
Highlights
Multiferroic material means the simultaneous existence of two or more Ferroic characteristics namely ferroelectric, ferroelastic or ferromagnetic in the same material [1]
The attention to multiferroic materials is exponentially increasing due to their unique properties and applications which are discussed in a large no of journals [2,3]
Due to its tremendous physical properties, It can be employed in a various field in multifunctional electronic devices including spintronics, photovoltaic cell, lithium-ion batteries [5], transistors, electromagnetic interference filters, [6] data storage media, Spin valve devices, non-volatile memory [7], multiple state memories, sensors, transducers, actuators [8], etc. It is a formidable challenge for the researcher and scientists to synthesize and characterize the Bismuth ferrite [9] because of its size effects on the physical properties
Summary
Multiferroic material means the simultaneous existence of two or more Ferroic characteristics namely ferroelectric, ferroelastic or ferromagnetic in the same material [1]. After synthesizing BiFeO3 by the doping of Neodymium through the sol-gel technique, Dawei Wang concluded that the samples transform from the rhombohedral to orthorhombic phase and curie temperature decreases with changing of the Nd concentration in Bismuth Ferrite [28]. With increasing the content of Nd, the magnetic and electric properties of Bismuth ferrite are enhanced, while the decrease of dielectric constant and tangent loss are observed [29,30].
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