Effect of WO 3 doping on dielectric and ferroelectric properties of 0.94(Bi 0.5Na 0.5)TiO 3–0.06BaTiO 3 ceramics

Abstract

WO 3(0–6 mol%)-doped 0.94Bi 0.5Na 0.5TiO 3–0.06BaTiO 3 lead-free ceramics were synthesized by conventional solid-state reaction. The effect of WO 3 addition on the structure and electrical properties were investigated. The result revealed that a small amount of WO 3 (≤1 mol%) can diffuse into the lattice and does not significantly affect the phase structure, however, more addition will result in distortion and enlargement of the unit cells. The maximum permittivity temperature ( T m) is suppressed dramatically as the dopant increasing, while the depolarization temperature ( T d) fall to the minimum with 1 mol% WO 3 additive. The remanent polarization ( P r) was enhanced and coercive field ( E c) was reduced by doping with WO 3. The strain shows the largest value for 1 mol% doped sample, which is due to a field-induced antiferroelectric–ferroelectric phase transition.