Abstract
The use of the welding process on an industrial scale has become significant over the years and is currently among the main processes for joining metallic materials. Along the weld, structural changes occur in the vicinity of the joint. These thermal stresses and geometric distortions are mostly undesirable and are complex to predict with precision. Using S235JR steel as the base material, laboratory experiments were carried out using the multipass GMAW process, with the aim of investigating the influence of the welding direction on angular distortion. To measure the distortions, a methodology was applied using equipment to identify the coordinates in the operational space with metrological precision. Through metrological and statistical analyses, we found that the orientation factor significantly influenced the final distortions and that the alternated orientation sequence resulted in less distortions.
Highlights
One of the chosen joining processes in the assembly and manufacture of many types of components is welding, and the main reasons for this choice are the velocity and reliability of the welding processes
We investigate the influence of the welding sequence in butt joint welds number of work, passeswe and yet decreases with the increase of the time gap between the passes
We investigate the influence of the welding sequence in butt joint welds ininthe emergence of distortion when changing the pass orientation in multipass steelemergence plates
Summary
One of the chosen joining processes in the assembly and manufacture of many types of components is welding, and the main reasons for this choice are the velocity and reliability of the welding processes. Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) is a versatile welding method that is used in semi-automatic and fully automatic modes. It is the most utilized and preferred welding technique in the industry owing to its advantages, such as the capability of all position welding and good quality welds [3,4]. Distortions in the welding process are caused by the non-uniform expansion and contraction of the weld and the surrounding areas [6] These defects appear because of the high temperature of the weld area and its thermal expansion restrained by the surrounding areas with metal at a lower temperature, which leads to compressive stress [7]. One of the great challenges caused by distortions is to find strategies to control its appearance in complex structures
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