Abstract

采用盆栽试验及石蜡显微切片观察方法, 研究了水分亏缺对两个基因型冬小麦生育后期穗部维管束系统解剖结构及生长发育的影响, 分析了穗部显微结构与同化物滞留的关系。结果表明: 在正常供水及水分亏缺下, “西农979”和“普冰143”两个小麦品种开花期靠近穗轴节片处新形成的维管束呈扇形分布, 远离穗轴节片处呈椭圆形及其他形状分布。穗轴节片处新增加的维管束与原有维管束之间的细胞倍增, 形成厚壁组织; 随着穗的发育, 原穗轴中的部分维管束与穗轴节片处新形成的维管束延伸至颖壳和小穗轴, 尔后向上分支延伸至第1朵小花的外稃、浆片、内稃及后续各小花。水分亏缺下由穗基部到顶部穗轴大、小维管束数目及横截面积等维管束参数下降幅度较大, 可能是同化物在非籽粒器官颖壳和穗轴中滞留的原因之一。水分亏缺下两个小麦品种穗粒重下降, 非籽粒器官生物量明显增加, 旱地品种“普冰143”表现更为突出。

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