Abstract
The recent interest in bioconversion of cellulosic wastes to value added chemicals has led to extensive studies on microorganisms capable of producing the enzyme. Cellulases are multi-enzyme complex proteins that catalyze the conversion of cellulose to glucose. Trichoderma is the main industrial source of cellulases and hemicellulases used to depolymerize plant biomass to simple sugars that are converted to chemical intermediates such as biofuels. The current study was carried out to isolate and characterize different Trichoderma species for successful applications. The strains were characterized for cellulase and xylanase assays to determine their extracellular hydrolytic activities. Expression of xylanase was induced maximally by xylan and repressed by glucose. Moreover, a comparative analysis was done between two different Trichoderma species which revealed that Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma harzianum Th-azad shows better enzyme activity than T. viride 01PP. Furthermore, optimal conditions for enzyme activity and induction of enzyme synthesis were also determined. The results revealed that the optimal pH, temperature and incubation time for cellulase production was found to be 5.5, 28° C and 120 h respectively. In the present study, we also evaluate the effects of wheat bran, cellulose powder as carbon sources for cellulase and xylanase production. The result showed that the enzyme production was highest with wheat bran as sole source ofcarbon.
Highlights
Research on micro-organisms that utilize xylan, Cellulases and on the involvement of enzyme system, is important from ecological and economic point of view
Cellulose (CMC) and glucose were obtained from Hi-media, Mumbai India; whereas wheat bran was purchased from local market of Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
To identify the cellulase enzymes and to study the activity of the cellulase complexes of Trichoderma species a series of experiments were conducted
Summary
Research on micro-organisms that utilize xylan, Cellulases and on the involvement of enzyme system, is important from ecological and economic point of view. Researchers throughout the world focus on the utilization of renewable, economical and abundantly available biomass for the production of useful products. Cellulose is the most common organic polymer, representing about 1.5 ×1012 tons of the total annual biomass production through photosynthesis especially in the tropics, and is considered to be an almost inexhaustible source of raw material for different products [1]. It is the most abundant, cheapest and renewable biopolymer on earth and the dominating waste material from agriculture [2]. Synergistic mechanism among three types of enzymes namely endoglucanase, exoglucanase and β-glucosidase are required for the complete enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose biopolymer [4]
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