Abstract
This study evaluated the impact of using biomimetic analogs (poly-acrylic acid and sodium tri-meta-phosphate) on dentin remineralization using two cement materials, the first is calcium silicate based and the second is calcium hydroxide based materials. Two standardized occlusal cavities (mesial and distal) were prepared within dentin after removal of occlusal enamel. Artificial demineralized dentin was induced through pH cycling (8 h in demineralizing and 16 h in remineralizing solutions). Demineralized cavities were divided into four groups; two groups received cement materials. The other groups were first treated with biomimetic analogs then restored with pulp cement materials. Teeth were sectioned buccolingually into two halves. Treated cavities with analogs were stored in simulated body fluid containing poly-acrylic acid. Untreated cavities were stored in simulated body fluid only. Ground unstained sections of demineralized dentin were examined using light microscope. Specimens were examined after 1, 6 and 12 weeks of storage using energy dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) and Vickers microhardness was evaluated. Two-way ANOVA was used to analyze data statistically. Calcium silicate-based cement group with biomimetic analogs showed the highest statistically significant calcium and phosphorous wt% in addition to highest surface hardness values after 12 weeks of storage. Demineralized dentin ground sections showed increase in light zones after total period of storage. Calcium silicate-based cement showed the best ability to enrich the artificial carious dentin with ions for remineralization. Using biomimetic analogs had a significant impact on demineralized dentin surface hardness improvement.
Highlights
The know how to manage and deal with the demineralized dentin is greatly important
The remineralization process, in accordance with such materials, will take place when they come in contact with simulated body fluids containing phosphate [8]
Calcium silicate and calcium hydroxide based cements ability to restore the mechanical properties of remineralized dentin may be still questionable
Summary
The know how to manage and deal with the demineralized dentin is greatly important. Most of the recent conservative approaches avoid unnecessary tooth structure removal and leave caries affected dentin as the clinical bonding substrate [1]. Some of them are calcium silicate, calcium hydroxide or hydroxyapatite based [2,3] Most of these materials, like Biodentine, Theracal and MTA, have shown good signs of remineralization to tooth structure and in contact with living cells [4,5,6,7]. Residual mineral crystallites only will act as seed sites for remineralization and epitaxial growth of crystals apatite [9]. Other areas of the demineralized dentin depleted from these seeds will remain un-mineralized
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