Abstract
The aim of this study is to clarify the effect of different concentrations of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (Nps) on the properties of two types of heat polymerized acrylic resin. The tested parameters were flexural strength, impact strength, and microhardness. The two types of acrylic resin used in this study were conventional unmodified (Implacryl, Vertex) and high impact heat polymerized acrylic resin (Vertex-Dental, Netherlands). Both types of acrylic resin were modified by using 1% and 5% TiO2 Nps powder. Specimen’s dimensions were prepared according to the American Dental Association Specification No. 12. Three types of specimens were prepared: 1) flexural strength specimens 50 mm × 10 (±0.2) mm × 3 (±0.2) mm, 2) impact strength test specimens 60 mm × 6.0 mm × 4.0 mm, 3) microhardnesss specimens 25 mm × 10 mm × 3 (±0.2) mm. For each test 6 groups were prepared (each group containing 5 samples). Thirty specimens were prepared in each of the three tests, amounting to a total number of 90 specimens. Mechanical properties such as flexural strength (FS), impact strength and microhardness of the above mentioned specimens were determined using universal testing machine, Izod pendulum impact testing machine and Vickers microhardness tester, respectively. ISO Specification No. 1567 was followed in microhardness test. The data was collected and statistically analyzed. Flexural strength considerably decreased by increasing TiO2 concentration in both types of acrylic resin. Impact strength of the conventional acrylic resin modified by 1% of additives significantly increased. The microhardness is significantly increased by addition of 5% of TiO2 Nps. The Incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles into acrylic resins can adversely affect its flexural strength. Meanwhile, the impact strength can be modified by small percentage of additives (abt. 1%). This effect is directly correlated with the concentration of nanoparticles. On the other hand, concentrations of TiO2 Nps (abt. 5%) positively affect the microhardness of both types of acrylic resin used in the present study.
Highlights
Polymers composites have an important role in dental field because their distinctive features allow a wide range of clinical implementations, which are impossible with the use of other types of materials [1]
This study aims to investigate the effect of addition of TiO2 nanoparticles on the acrylic resin properties, including flexural strength, impact strength, and microhardness
Impact strength and microhardness were measured for all specimens groups and values are
Summary
Polymers composites have an important role in dental field because their distinctive features allow a wide range of clinical implementations, which are impossible with the use of other types of materials [1]. One of the commonly used polymers in dental filed is polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), which uses either heat polymerized or self-polymerized acrylic resin. Until now the acrylic resin denture base material does not fulfill all the requirements of acceptable mechanical properties [3]. Low mechanical properties against impact, bending, and fatigue are important issues to be addressed in order to improve acrylic polymers properties for removable orthodontic appliances and dentures [4] [5]. The other useful method is to reinforce acrylic base composite by materials like fibers and particles [6] [7]
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