Abstract
IntroductionMore than 768 million cases, including 6.95 million deaths due to COVID-19, have been reported until now. Various Unani formulations were described as effective in the reduction of COVID-19 symptoms. This study aims to investigate the effect and safety of Unani formulations as an adjuvant to standard care for COVID-19. MethodsA randomised placebo-controlled clinical study was conducted with a total of 92 patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 disease. Three Unani formulations, (1) Tiryaq wabai 2 g once a day orally, (2) Arq-e-ajeeb two drops intranasal four times a day, and (3) Habb-e-loban one tablet twice a day, are used as an intervention, while the control group received placebo for the Unani formulations. Both arms received standard care treatment. The primary outcomes included a 50% increase in absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), while secondary outcomes involved World Health Organisation (WHO) modified ordinal scale improvement, RT-PCR negativity, SpO2/FiO2 ratio, time to symptom resolution, and hospital stay duration. Relevant statistical tests were used for the analysis. ResultsThe intervention group showed statistically significant improvements in ALC count, SpO2/FiO2 ratio, WHO modified ordinal scale, and RT-PCR negativity. The time taken to be discharged from the hospital showed no significance. No significant adverse drug reactions or events were reported, and liver and kidney function tests were normal in both groups. ConclusionsUnani herbal formulations, when used as an adjuvant to standard care treatment, demonstrated improvements in ALC count, SpO2/FiO2 ratio, earlier reduction of COVID-19 symptoms, and RT-PCR negativity in patients with mild-to-moderate COVID-19.
Published Version
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