Abstract
The decay of a heavy neutral scalar particle into fermions and into charged scalars are analyzed when in the presence of an external magnetic field and finite temperature. Working in the one-loop approximation for the study of these decay channels, it is shown that the magnetic field leads in general to a suppression of the decay width whenever the kinematic constrain depends explicitly on the magnetic field. Our results are also compared with common approximations found in the literature, e.g., when the magnitude of the external magnetic field is smaller than the decaying product particle masses, i.e., in the weak field approximation, and in the opposite case, i.e., in the strong field approximation. Possible applications of our results are discussed.
Highlights
Magnetic fields are omnipresent in the Universe, where we can find fields with magnitude ranging from as low as around 10−16 Gauss in the intergalatic medium [1], to up to around 1015 Gauss in strongly magnetized neutron stars [2]
We have studied the decay channels of a heavy neutral scalar field into a pair of fermion-antifermion and a pair of charged scalars when in the presence of an external magnetic field
We observe that the decay width always tends to decrease with the increase in the magnetic field up to the point where the Landau level (LLL) is filled
Summary
Magnetic fields are omnipresent in the Universe, where we can find fields with magnitude ranging from as low as around 10−16 Gauss in the intergalatic medium [1], to up to around 1015 Gauss in strongly magnetized neutron stars (or magnetars) [2]. Their effects can be important already at the time they are formed during the very early cosmological phase transitions [6]. It is well known that the presence of magnetic fields at the time of recombination and the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation formation can lead to anisotropies in the CMB [7,8,9]
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