Abstract
Essential oil of grapefruit used in various food and drug industries. Previous investigators indicted that salicylic acid and different locations had a significant role in essential oil production. Essential oil production is one way to utilize the reclaimed areas in Egypt. In this study, the effects of salicylic acid on grapefruit essential oil were evaluated in reclaimed and old areas of Egypt. Grapefruit trees were exposed to salicylic acid foliar spray at 0, 20 and 40 mg L-1 in Nubaria (reclaimed area) and Giza (old area). Data were statistically analyzed using 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA-2). The highest amounts of essential oil extracted from young shoots or peels (0.3 % and 1.3 %) were recorded at 20 mg L-1 salicylic acid in Nubaria and Giza respectively. According to GC/MS analysis, sabinene (39.3 - 43.5 %), limonene (15.9 - 20.0 %) and terpinen- 4-ol (17.1 - 19.8 %) were detected as the major constituents of young shoot oil in both locations while limonene (73.1 - 78.9 %), β-myrcene (3.5 - 4.3 %) and octanal (2.9 - 5.3 %) were the major compounds in peel oil. The highest values of main components for young shoots (sabinene, 43.5 %; limonene; 20.0 %; terpinen-4-ol, 19.8 %) and peel oils (limonene, 78.9 %; octanal, 5.3 %) were recorded at 40 mg L-1 salicylic acid in the location of Nubaria except the component of β-myrcene (4.3 %) that recorded the highest value with Giza location x 40 mg L-1 salicylic acid. Salicylic acid x various locations produced highly significant changes (P < 0.001) in OM and SH and moderate significant (P < 0.01) in MH and insignificant in OS of essential oil extracted from young shoots. Regarding to the variations in the chemical classes of peel oil, it was found that the changes in MH, OM and SH were insignificant for the interactions between salicylic acid and both locations but the changes in OS were significant (P < 0.05). The highest amounts of chemical classes of young shoots oil such as MH (71.9 %) OM (27.1 %) and SH (3.9 %) were obtained from Nubaria location with salicylic acid at 40, 20 and 0.0 mg L- 1 respectively. The treatment of 20 mg L-1 (salicylic acid) x Nubaria location resulted in the greatest value of OS (0.7 %) of peel oil.
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