Effect of the Aerobic Denitrifying Bacterium Pseudomonas furukawaii ZS1 on Microbiota Compositions in Grass Carp Culture Water

Wangbao Gong,Yun Zhu,Jiajia Ni,Yun Xia,Jingjing Tian,Zhifei Li,Kai Zhang,Guangjun Wang,Shuwei Gao,Jun Xie,Ermeng Yu

doi:10.3390/w13101329

Wangbao Gong, Yun Zhu + Show 9 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/w13101329

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Abstract

Background: Although functional bacteria are widely used in aquaculture water treatment, whether they affect the indigenous microbiota and whether the impact is persistent remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to explore the denitrification effect of Pseudomonas furukawaii ZS1 isolated from a grass carp culture pond in nitrogen-rich aquaculture water, and determine whether its effect on the microbiota structure of the aquaculture water was persistent. Methods: Three each of treatment and control groups were set up, and P. furukawaii ZS1 was added to the treatment group. The concentrations of ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, and nitrate, and the pH of each sample were measured for eight consecutive days. Changes of microbiota composition in the water were analysed via high-throughput sequencing. Results: Ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate concentrations were substantially lower in the treatment group than in the control group. There were significant differences in the microbiota structure between treatment and control groups, especially on days 2–7 after adding P. furukawaii ZS1. Furthermore, significantly enriched bacterial genera in the treatment group were initially higher in number than inhibited genera, but subsequently reverted to being lower in number. Conclusions: These results provide theoretical guidance for the effective use of P. furukawaii ZS1 to control aquaculture water.

Highlights

The majority of aquatic products are obtained from aquaculture, owing to a decrease in wild fishery resources
These results provide theoretical guidance for the effective use of P. furukawaii ZS1 to control aquaculture water
Except for days 3 and 4 following the addition of P. furukawaii ZS1, the concentrations of ammonia nitrogen in the treatment group were significantly lower than tho4soef i1n0 the control groups (Figure 1A)

Summary

Introduction

The majority of aquatic products are obtained from aquaculture, owing to a decrease in wild fishery resources. In 2018, the total output of aquatic products in China was 64.5766 million tons, of which 49.9106 million tons (i.e., 77.3%) was derived from aquaculture [1] This high-density and intensive culture method uses large amounts of bait and generates a substantial accumulation of fish excreta, thereby deteriorating water quality, and negatively affecting the quality of aquatic products as well as polluting the environment [2,3,4]. Pseudomonas furukawaii ZS1 isolated from a grass carp culture pond was an aerobic denitrifying bacterium that effectively removes nitrogen [14]. We aimed to explore the denitrification effect of Pseudomonas furukawaii ZS1 isolated from a grass carp culture pond in nitrogen-rich aquaculture water, and determine whether its effect on the microbiota structure of the aquaculture water was persistent. Results: Ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate concentrations were substantially lower in the treatment group than in the control group. Conclusions: These results provide theoretical guidance for the effective use of P. furukawaii ZS1 to control aquaculture water

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