Effect of temperature on the development longevity and oviposition of greenhouse thrips (<i>Heliothrips haemorhoidalis</i>) on lemon fruit

Abstract

Greenhouse thrips (Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis) is a major pest of horticultural crops worldwide and in New Zealand it is particularly damaging on citrus avocados and ornamentals Heliothrips haemorrhoidalis development oviposition and longevity were determined at five constant temperatures (16 18 20 23 and 25 C) on unripe Yenben lemon fruit Total developmental time (egg to adult) ranged from 729 days at 16 C to 284 days at 25 C The rate of H haemorrhoidalis oviposition was highest at 25 C with an average of 14 eggs laid per day Mean adult longevity ranged from 899 days at 25 C to 124 days at 16 C It was estimated that 4198 degreedays above a lower threshold temperature of 101 C were required to complete development from egg to adult The developmental time predictions obtained from the degreeday model were validated under variable field conditions Actual developmental times were generally within one day of times predicted by the model